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Potentilla L., 1753
Hanhikit Hanhenjalka Cinquefoil Five-finger
Potentilla L., 1753; Sp. Pl.: 495, TS: Potentilla reptans L.
Tormentilla L., 1753
Quinquefolium Adans., 1763
Argentina Lam., 1778; Fl. Fr. 3: 118, TS: Argentina anserina L.
Pentaphyllym Gaertn., 1788
Tridophyllum Neck., 1790
Jussiea L. ex. Sm., 1811
Fraga Lapeyr., 1813
Trichothalamus Spreng., 1818
Lehmannia Tratt., 1824
Dactylophyllum Spenn., 1829; , TS: Argentina anserina L.
Coelas Dulac, 1867
Chamaephyton Fourr., 1868
Dynamidium Fourr., 1868
Callionia Greene, 1906
Tylosperma Bothsch., 1952
Potentilla, Biota of North America Program (query database) [BONAP]
Potentilla, Den Virtuella Floran [DVF]
 Argentina ; [GFP1: 198 (12 spp.)]
Potentilla ; [GFP1: 197 (about 200 spp.)]; [RKe, 58 (s.str.)]

Foodplants for Autographa gamma, Catastia marginea?, Coleophora ahenella, C. albicostella, C. potentillae, Corynis amoena?, Dicallomera fascelina, Elaphria venustula, Eulithis xylina, Hyphoraia aulica, Lycaena dorcas, L. editha, L. helloides, Muschampia cribrellum, Nola aerugula, Pyrgus alveus, P. carthami, P. centaureae, P. malvoides, P. ruralis, P. ruralis, P. serratulae, P. sidae, Spialia sertorius, Stigmella aeneofasciella, S. poterii?


[sp-1.jpg] 1000x690 (~134Kb) USA: Washington Pass, North Cascades Highway, (48°31'47N 120°39'27W), Okanogan Co., WA, 28.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela [sp-3x.jpg] 700x947 (~58Kb) USA: Thorp Prairie Rd / I-90, near Cle Elum (47°09'06N 120°49'07W) Kittitas Co., WA, 3.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [sp-3y.jpg] 500x767 (~92Kb) USA: Thorp Prairie Rd / I-90, near Cle Elum (47°09'06N 120°49'07W) Kittitas Co., WA, 3.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela
[sp-3z.jpg] 900x602 (~148Kb) USA: Thorp Prairie Rd / I-90, near Cle Elum (47°09'06N 120°49'07W) Kittitas Co., WA, 3.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [sp-4.jpg] 600x877 (~126Kb) USA: FR 9711 / Hurley Creek (47°18'31N 120°39'06W), Kittitas Co., WA, 5.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [sp-4x.jpg] 900x713 (~69Kb) USA: FR 9711 / Hurley Creek (47°18'31N 120°39'06W), Kittitas Co., WA, 5.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela
[sp-5.jpg] 700x578 (~60Kb) USA: Corral Pass (47°00'52N 121°27'58W), Pierce Co., WA, 13.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [sp-5x.jpg] 900x582 (~57Kb) USA: Corral Pass (47°00'52N 121°27'58W), Pierce Co., WA, 13.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [sp-6a.jpg] 700x954 (~85Kb) USA: Teanaway, (47°20'53N 120°53'09W) Kittitas Co., WA, 21.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela
[sp-6b.jpg] 600x833 (~88Kb) USA: Teanaway, (47°20'53N 120°53'09W) Kittitas Co., WA, 21.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela

The exact identification of these species is still unknown, but tentatively assumed to belong into this group.


fiPotentilla anserina L.
Ketohanhikki Silver Weed Silverweed Cinquefoil Gåsört
Argentina anserina (L.); Rydb.
Potentilla anserina, Aquatic and Wetland Vascular Plants of the Northern Great Plains [USGS]
Potentilla anserina, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
 Potentilla anserina ; [RK, 252]; [SK, 339]
Potentilla Anserina ; [GMBOT, 484]
Potentilla anserina ; [FPN, 216]
[anserina.jpg] 900x636 (~189Kb) FINLAND: N: Espoo, Tapiola 667:37, 4.6.2000, Photo © Markku Savela

Foodplant for Ceramica pisi, Monochroa elongella, Pyrgus malvae, Stigmella splendidissimella


fiP. a. anserina
Pihaketohanhikki Gåsört
Potentilla anserina anserina ; [RK, 252]
[anserina_anserina-1a.jpg] 1421x1009 (~312Kb) Finland, Hamina, Meltti, 13.8.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio [anserina_anserina-1b.jpg] 1284x1033 (~221Kb) Finland, Hamina, Meltti, 13.8.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio

fiP. a. groenlandica Tratt.
Merihanhikki Grönlandsgåsört Pacific Silverweed
Potentilla anserina egedii (Wormsk.); Hiitonen
Potentilla egedii Wormsk.
 Potentilla pacifica Howell
Potentilla egedii var. groenlandica (Tratt.); Polunin
Potentilla anserina egedii ; [RK, 252]; [GMBOT, 484 (note)]
Potentilla pacifica ; [FPN, 216]
Potentilla anserina groenlandica ; [RKe, 58]

[egedii-1aU.jpg] identification uncertain 600x885 (~130Kb) USA: Oregon Dunes (44°01'04N 124°08'29W), Douglas Co., OR, 16.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [egedii-1bU.jpg] identification uncertain 600x838 (~118Kb) USA: Oregon Dunes (44°01'04N 124°08'29W), Douglas Co., OR, 16.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela

P. a. f. sericea Hayne
Potentilla anserina f. sericea ; [SK, 339]
P. a. f. viridis Koch.
Potentilla anserina f. viridis ; [SK, 339]
P. a. var. grandis T. & G.
Potentilla anserina var. grandis ; [GMBOT, 484]
P. a. var. concolor Ser.
Potentilla anserina var. concolor ; [GMBOT, 484]
P. a. var. pumila Poir.
Potentilla anserina var. pumila ; [GMBOT, 484]
?Potentilla caroliniana Poir.
Potentilla caroliniana ; [GMBOT, 484 (note, possibly = P. anserina)]
fiPotentilla hypoleuca Turcz.
Sulkahanhikki Fjäderfingerört
Potentilla tergemina Soják
Potentilla hypoleuca ; [RKe, 58]
Misidentified/misapplied:
?Potentilla multifida; [RK, 253]; [SK, 340]; [SPK, 295]
?Potentilla multifida L.
Liuskahanhikki ?Lapin hanhikki Mångfingerört
?P. m. var. lapponica Nyl.
Potentilla multifida var. lapponica ; [SK, 340]
Potentilla pensylvanica L.
Siperianhanhikki Pairie Cinquefoil Pennsylvania Cinquefoil
?Potentilla siberica Wolf.
?Potentilla siberica ; [SK, 339]
Potentilla pennsylvanica ; [GMBOT, 482]
Potentilla pensylvanica ; [FPN, 218]
P. p. var. pensylvanica

Potentilla atrovirens Rydb.
Potentilla bipinnatifida var. glabrata (Lehm. ex Hook.); Kohli & Packer
Potentilla glabella Rydb.
Potentilla pensylvanica var. atrovirens (Rydb.); Wolf
Potentilla pensylvanica var. glabrata (Lehm. ex Hook.); Wats.
 Potentilla pensylvanica var. ovium Jepson
Potentilla pensylvanica var. strigosa Pallas ex Pursh
Potentilla platyloba Rydb.
Potentilla strigosa (Pallas ex Pursh); Pallas ex Tratt.
P. p. var. litoralis (Rydb.) Boivin
Potentilla litoralis Rydb.
Potentilla pectinata Raf.
Potentilla pensylvanica var. pectinata (Raf.); Boivin

The "nivea" species-group
Potentilla prostrata Rottb.; (incl.)
Potentilla nivea ssp. subquinata (Lange); Hultén
Potentilla subquinata (Lange); Rudb, (incl.)
; [RK, 253]
fiPotentilla nivea L.
Pahtahanhikki Lumihanhikki Snow Cinquefoil Lappfingerört
Potentilla nivea ; [RK, 253]; [SK, 340]; [FPN, 220]
Potentilla quinquefolia Rydb.
Snow Cinquefoil Five-leaved Cinquefoil
Potentilla nivea var. pentaphylla Lehm.
Potentilla quinquefolia ; [FPN, 218,220]
fiPotentilla chamissonis Hultén
Ruijanpahtahanhikki Klippfingerört
Potentilla chamissonis ; [RK, 253]

The "argentea" species-group
fiPotentilla argentea L.
Hopeahanhikki Hoary Cinquefoil Silvery Cinquefoil Silverfingerört Femfingerört
Potentilla argentea ; [RK, 254]; [SK, 351]; [GMBOT, 482]; [FPN, 220]
[argentea-1U.jpg] identification uncertain 540x794 (~48Kb) FINLAND, Ab: Suomusjärvi, 669:31, 11.6.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [argentea-2U.jpg] identification uncertain 900x1350 (~157Kb) Finland, Ka: Virolahti, Virojoki, Elokallio, 19.6.2004, Photo © Markku Savela [argentea.jpg] 500x579 (~35Kb) FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 672:53, 3.7.1996, Photo © Markku Savela

Foodplant for Acleris aspersana, Pyrgus carthami


fiP. a. var. argentea
Ketohopeahanhikki
Potentilla argentea var. argentea ; [RKe, 58]
fiP. a. var. demissa (Jord.) Lehm.
Rentohopeahanhikki
Potentilla demissa Jord.
Potentilla demissa ; [RK, 254]
Potentilla argentea var. demissa ; [RKe, 58]
fiP. a. var. incanescens (Opiz) Focke
Isohopeahanhikki
Potentilla neglecta Baumg.
Potentilla impolita auct. p.p.
Potentilla argentea f. incanescens ; [SK, 341]
Potentilla neglecta ; [RK, 254]
Potentilla argentea var. incanescens ; [RKe, 58]
fiP. a. var. decora (Markl.) Karlsson
Sirohopeahanhikki
Potentilla decora Markl.
Potentilla impolita auct. p.p.
Potentilla decora ; [RK, 254]
Potentilla argentea var. decora ; [RKe, 58]
fiP. a. var. acutifida (Markl.) Karlsson
Liuskahopeahanhikki
Potentilla acutifida (Markl.); A. Pedersen
Potentilla impolita auct. p.p.
Potentilla acutifida ; [RK, 254]
Potentilla argentea var. acutifida ; [RKe, 58]
fiP. a. var. dissecta Wallr.
Pulskahopeahanhikki
Potentilla dissecta (Wallr.); Zimmeter
Potentilla impolita auct. p.p.
Potentilla dissecta ; [RK, 255]
Potentilla argentea var. dissecta ; [RKe, 58]
P. a. f. perincisa Borb.
Potentilla argentea f. perincisa ; [SK, 341]
P. a. f. peridivisa Borb.
Potentilla argentea f. peridivisa ; [SK, 341]
P. a. f. tephrodes (Rchb.)
Potentilla argentea f. tephrodes ; [SK, 341]

 
Potentilla inclinata Vill.
'Harmaahanhikki'
fiPotentilla supina L.
Rentohanhikki Kvarnfingerört
Potentilla supina ; [RKe, 58]
P. s. supina
Euroopanrentohanhikki
Potentilla supina supina ; [RKe, 58]
P. s. paradoxa (Nutt.) Soják
Lännenrentohanhikki Bushy Cinquefoil
Potentilla paradoxa Nutt.
Potentilla paradoxa, Aquatic and Wetland Vascular Plants of the Northern Great Plains [USGS]
 Potentilla paradoxa ; [GMBOT, 482]; [FPN, 217]
Potentilla supina paradoxa ; [RKe, 58]
P. s. costata Soják
Idänrentohanhikki
Potentilla supina costata ; [RKe, 58]
fiPotentilla norvegica L.
Peltohanhikki Norjan hanhenjalka Ternate-leaved Cinquefoil Rough Cinquefoil Norwegian Cinquefoil Norsk fingerört
Potentilla monspeliensis var. norvegica (L); Rydb.
Potentilla norvegica, Aquatic and Wetland Vascular Plants of the Northern Great Plains [USGS]
 Potentilla norvegica ; [RK, 255]; [SK, 340]; [FPN, 217]
Potentilla monspeliensis var. norvegica ; [GMBOT, 482]
[norvegica-x.jpg] 500x719 (~41Kb) FINLAND, St: Säkylä, 677:25, 19.6.1998 Photo © Markku Savela [norvegica.jpg] 600x867 (~57Kb) FINLAND, St: Säkylä, 677:25, 19.6.1998 Photo © Markku Savela

Foodplant for Malacosoma castrense


P. n. monspeliensis (L.) Aschers. & Graebn
Potentilla monspeliensis L.
Potentilla monspeliensis var. labradorica (Lehm.); Fernald
Potentilla monspeliensis ; [GMBOT, 482]
Potentilla monspeliensis var. labradorica ; [GMBOT, 482]
P. n. f. ruthenica (Willd.)
Potentilla norvegica f. ruthenica ; [SK, 340]

 
fiPotentilla intermedia L.
Huhtahanhikki Harmaa hanhikki Kaakonhanhikki Russian Cinquefoil Downy Cinquefoil Finsk fingerört
Potentilla heidenreichii Zimmeter
= ; [RKe, 58]
Potentilla heidenreichii ; [RK, 255]
Potentilla intermedia ; [RK, 255]; [SK, 340]; [GMBOT, 482]; [RKe, 58]
P. i. f. canescens (Rupr.)
Potentilla intermedia f. canescens ; [SK, 340]

 
fiPotentilla recta L.
Pystyhanhikki Sulphur Cinquefoil Erect Cinquefoil Styv fingerört
Potentilla sulphurea Lam.
Potentilla recta ; [RK, 255]; [SK, 342 (note)]; [GMBOT, 483]; [FPN, 220]

Foodplant for Tinthia cingulata, T. myrmosaeformis

fiPotentilla thuringiaca Bernh. ex Link
Saksanhanhikki Tysk fingerört
Potentilla thuringiaca ; [RK, 255]; [SK, 341]
[thuringiaca-1.jpg] 1286x1029 (~106Kb) Finland, Tampere, Messukylä, 16.6.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio

P. t. goldbachii (Rupr.) Adl.
Potentilla thuringiaca Goldbachii ; [SK, 341]
fiPotentilla crantzii (Crantz) G. Beck ex. Fritsch
Keväthanhikki Vårfingerört
?Potentilla verna L.
?Potentilla alpestris Hall.
?verna var. sabauda (DC.)
Potentilla crantzii ; [RK, 256]
?Potentilla verna ; [SK, 341]
?Potentilla alpestris ; [SK, 341 (as syn. of P. verna)]
?Potentilla verna var. sabauda ; [SK, 341]
[crantzii-1.jpg] 824x752 (~73Kb) Finland, Kilpisjärvi, 26.7.2004, Photo © Harri Arkkio [crantzii.jpg] 800x527 (~77Kb) FINLAND: Li: Utsjoki Kirkkotuvat, 775:50, 7.7.1997, Photo © Markku Savela

Potentilla aurea L.
Kultahanhikki Golden Cinquefoil
fiPotentilla tabernaemontani Asch.
Pikkuhanhikki Småfingerört
?Potentilla minor Gil.
?Potentilla opaca L.
Potentilla neumanniana ; [RKe, 58]
Misidentified/misapplied:
Potentilla neumanniana; [RK, 256]
?Potentilla minor; [SK, 341]
?Potentilla opaca; [SK, 341 (as syn. of P. minor)]

Foodplant as Potentilla neumanniana for Pyrgus carthami

fiPotentilla subarenaria Borbás ex Zimmeter
Sakarahanhikki Taggsmåfingerört
Potentilla neumanniana Reichenb.
= ; [RKe, 58]
Potentilla subarenaria ; [RK, 256]; [RKe, 58]

Foodplant as Potentilla neumanniana for Pyrgus carthami

fiPotentilla erecta (L.) Räuschel
Rätvänä Common Tormentil Blodrot
Tormentilla erecta L.
Potentilla tormentilla Stokes
Potentilla erecta, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
 Potentilla erecta ; [RK, 256]
Potentilla tormentilla ; [SK, 342]
[erecta-1.jpg] 800x634 (~51Kb) FINLAND, Ab: Suomusjärvi, 669:31, 21.5.2000, Photo © Markku Savela [erecta-2x.jpg] 628x801 (~52Kb) Finland: Nokia, Penttilä, 16.7.2006, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Foodplant for Acleris aspersana, Ectoedemia arcuatella, Gynaephora selenitica, Malacosoma castrense, Phragmatobia fuliginosa, Stigmella poterii


fiPotentilla anglica × erecta
Potentilla × suberecta Zimmeter
anglica × erecta ; [RKe, 58]
fiPotentilla anglica Laicharding
Lännenhanhikki Trailing Tormentil Revig blodrot
Potentilla anglica ; [RK, 256]
fiPotentilla reptans L.
Suikerohanhikki Suikertava hanhikki Creeping Cinquefoil Revfingerört
Potentilla reptans, Bilder ur Nordens Flora (in Swedish) [RUNEBERG]
 Potentilla reptans ; [RK, 256]; [SK, 341]; [GMBOT, 484]
[reptans-1.jpg] 1309x1029 (~200Kb) Finland, Hammarland, Samuelstorp, 2.7.2005, Photo © Harri Arkkio

Foodplant for Pyrgus armoricanus


Potentilla caulescens L.
'Kalliohanhikki' Lax Cinquefoil
Potentilla atrosanguinea Loddiges ex D. Don
Verihanhikki
Potentilla atrosanguinea ; [SK, 342 (note)]

Foodplant for Xanthia icteritia


 
Potentilla biflora Willd.
Potentilla biflora ; [Oleg Kosterin]
Potentilla humifusa Willd. ex Schlecht.
Potentilla humifusa ; [Oleg Kosterin]

 
Potentilla arguta Pursh.
Drymocallis arguta (Pursh); Rydb.
Potentilla arguta var. convallaria (Rydb.); Wolf
Potentilla arguta ; [GMBOT, 481]; [FPN, 216]
Potentilla glandulosa Lindl.
Sticky Cinquefoil Gland Cinquefoil
Potentilla glandulosa ; [FPN, 216]
P. g. var. glandulosa
Potentilla glandulosa var. glandulosa ; [FPN, 217]
P. g. var. campanulata Hitchc.
Potentilla glandulosa var. campanulata ; [FPN, 216]
P. g. var. reflexa Greene
Potentilla glandulosa var. reflexa ; [FPN, 217]
P. g. var. intermedia (Rydb.) Hitchc.
Potentilla glandulosa var. intermedia ; [FPN, 217]
P. g. var. pseudorupestris (Rydb.) Breit.
Potentilla glandulosa var. pseudorupestris ; [FPN, 217]
P. g. var. nevadensis Wats.
Potentilla glandulosa var. nevadensis ; [FPN, 217]
Potentilla newberryi Gray
Newberry's Cinquefoil
Potentilla newberryi ; [FPN, 217, 218]
Potentilla rivalis Nutt.
Brook Cinquefoil River Cinquefoil
Potentilla rivalis, Aquatic and Wetland Vascular Plants of the Northern Great Plains [USGS]
 Potentilla rivalis ; [GMBOT, 482]; [FPN, 218]
P. r. var. millegrana (Engelm.) Wats.
Potentilla leucocarpa Rydb.
Potentilla rivalis millegrana ; [GMBOT, 482]
P. r. var. pentandra (Engelm.) Wats.
Potentilla pentandra Engelm.
Potentilla rivalis var. pentandra ; [GMBOT, 482]
Potentilla biennis Greene
Biennial Cinquefoil
Potentilla biennis ; [FPN, 218]
Potentilla brevifolia Nutt.
Short-leaved Cinquefoil
Potentilla brevifolia ; [FPN, 218]
Potentilla drummondii Lehm.
Drummond's Cinquefoil
Potentilla anomalofolia Peck
Potentilla cascadensis
Potentilla drummondii ; [FPN, 218]
Potentilla breweri Wats.
Brewer's Cinquefoil
Potentilla dummondii ssp. breweri (Wats.); Ertter
Potentilla breweri ; [FPN, 220]
Potentilla hippiana Lehm.
Woolly Cinquefoil
Potentilla Hippiana ; [GMBOT, 483]
Potentilla hippiana ; [FPN, 218]
Potentilla gracilis Dougl.
Graceful Cinquefoil
Potentilla gracilis ; [FPN, 218,221]
P. g. var. gracilis
Slender Cinquefoil
Potentilla gracilis var. gracilis ; [FPN, 219]
P. g. var. brunnescens (Rydb.) Hitchc.
Potentilla gracilis var. brunnescens ; [FPN, 218]
P. g. var. flabellisformis (Lehm.) Nutt.
Potentilla gracilis var. flabellisformis ; [FPN, 218]
P. g. var. elmeri (Rydb.) Jeps.
Elmer's Cinquefoil
Potentilla gracilis var. elmeri ; [FPN, 219]
P. g. var. pulcherrima (Lehm.) Fern.
Soft Cinquefoil
Potentilla gracilis var. pulcherrima ; [FPN, 219]
P. g. var. permollis (Rydb.) Hitchc.
Potentilla gracilis var. permollis ; [FPN, 219]
P. g. var. glabrata (Lehm.) Hitchc.
Potentilla gracilis var. glabrata ; [FPN, 219]
Potentilla diversifolia Lehm.
Diverse-leaved Cinquefoil Vari-leaf Cinquefoil Mountain-meadow Cinquefoil
Potentilla diversifolia ; [FPN, 219,221]
P. d. var. diversifolia
Potentilla diversifolia var. diversifolia ; [FPN, 219]
P. d. var. multisecta Wats.
Potentilla diversifolia var. multisecta ; [FPN, 219]
P. d. var. perdissecta (Rydb.) Hitchc.
Potentilla diversifolia var. perdissecta ; [FPN, 219]
Potentilla concinna Richards
Early Cinquefoil Red Cinquefoil
Potentilla concinna ; [FPN, 219,221]
P. c. var. concinna
Potentilla concinna var. concinna ; [FPN, 219]
P. c. var. divisa Rydb.
Potentilla concinna var. divisa ; [FPN, 219]
P. c. var. macounii (Rydb.) Hitchc.
Potentilla concinna var. macounii ; [FPN, 219]
P. c. var. rubripes (Rydb.) Hitchc.
Potentilla concinna var. rubripes ; [FPN, 219]
Potentilla ovina Macoun
Sheep Cinquefoil
Potentilla ovina ; [FPN, 220]
Potentilla flabellifolia Hook.
Fan-leaf Cinquefoil Fringe-leaf Cinquefoil
Potentilla flabellifolia ; [FPN, 220]
Potentilla villosa Pall.
Villous Cinquefoil Northern Cinquefoil
Potentilla villosa ; [FPN, 220]
Potentilla hookeriana Lehm.
Hooker's Cinquefoil
Potentilla hookeriana ; [FPN, 220]
Potentilla uniflora Ledeb.
One-flower Cinqueflower
Potentilla uniflora ; [FPN, 220]

 
Potentilla nicolletii (Wats.) Sheldon
Potentilla supina var. nicolletii Wats.
Potentilla Nicolletii ; [GMBOT, 482]
Potentilla nuttallii Lehm.
Potentilla Nuttallii ; [GMBOT, 482]
Potentilla robbinsiana Oakes
Potentilla Robbinsiana ; [GMBOT, 483]
Potentilla effusa Dougl.
Potentilla effusa ; [GMBOT, 483]
Potentilla tridentata Ait.
Three-toothed Cinquefoil
Sibbaldiopsis tridentata (Ait.); Rydb.
Potentilla tridentata ; [GMBOT, 483]
Potentilla canadensis L.
Potentilla canadensis ; [GMBOT, 484]
P. c. var. simplex (Michx.) T. & G.
Potentilla simplex Michx.
Potentilla canadensis var. simplex ; [GMBOT, 484]
Potentilla procumbens Sibth.
Potentilla nemoralis Nestler
Potentilla procumbens ; [GMBOT, 484]

21.5.2006 (50)

References:
[BONAP]
A Synonymized Checklist of the Vascular Flora of the United States, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands; A data base interface; BONAP U.S. Checklist - 1998; Provided by TAMU-BWG; Texas A & M Bioinformatics Working Group; Based on; Biota of North America Program
[DVF]
Den Virtuella floran; http://linnaeus.nrm.se/flora/welcome.html; Ett projekt vid Naturhistoriska riksmuseet (Stockholm, Sweden).; Even for non-Swedish speaker, the distribution maps on species are nice (map buttons "Norden" and "Norra halvklotet")
[FPN]
Hitchcock & Cronquist, 1998; Flora of the Pacific Northwest (11th ed.); ISBN 0-295-95273-3
[GFP1]
Hutchinson, 1964; The Genera of Flowering Plants; Dicotyledons; Volume 1
[GMBOT]
Robinson, Benjamin L., Fernald, Merrit Lyndon, 1908; Gray's New Manual of Botany (7th edition); A Handbook of the Flowering Plants and Ferns of the Central and Northeastern United States and adjacent Canada; American Book Company
[Harri Arkkio]
Finland
[Oleg Kosterin]
Institue of Cytology & Genetics; Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk; e-mail: Oleg Kosterin; http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/kosterin/
[RK]
Hämet-Ahti, L., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T. & Uotila, P. (eds), 1998; Retkeilykasvio (Field Flora of Finland); Ed. 4. 656 pp.; Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum. Helsinki
[RKe]
Hämet-Ahti, L., Kurtto, A., Lampinen, R., Piirainen, M., Suominen, J., Ulvinen, T., Uotila, P., Väre, H., 2005; Lisäyksiä ja korjauksia Retkeilykasvion neljänteen painokseen; Lutukka 21: 41-85
[RUNEBERG]
Project Runeberg: Nordic literature online; Project Runeberg; Bilder ur Nordens Fauna (Carl Axel Magnus Lindman)
[SK]
Mela, A. J., Cajander, A. K., 1906; Suomen Kasvio; Viides painos
[SPK]
Mossberg & Stenberg, 2005; Finnish edition: Seppo Vuokko & Henry Väre; Suuri Pohjolan Kasvio; ISBN 951-31-2924-1
[USGS]
Northern Prairie Wildlife Research Center; http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/index.htm

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxononic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.