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Goto:

Pieris Schrank, 1801

Whites
Pieris Schrank, 1801; Fauna Boica 2 (1): 152, 161, TS: Papilio brassicae Linnaeus
Mancipium Hübner, [1806]; Tentamen determinationis digestionis ...: [1] (invalid), TS: Papilio brassicae Linnaeus

= ; [NL4A, 114]

Danaus Oken, 1815; (unavail.)

= ; [NL4A, 114]

Ganoris Dalman, 1816; K. svenska VetenskAkad. Handl., Stockholm 1816 (1): 61, TS: Papilio brassicae Linnaeus

= ; [NL4A, 114]

Andropodum Hübner, 1822

= ; [NL4A, 114]

Tachyptera Berge, 1842

= ; [NL4A, 114]

Artogeia Verity, 1947; Le Farfalle diurn. d'Italia 3: 192, 193, TS: Papilio napi Linnaeus

= ; [NL4A, 114]

Talbotia Bernardi, 1958; Rev. franc. Ent. 25: 125, TS: Mancipium naganum Moore
Pieris, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Pieris, Pieridae Holarcticae [Heiner Ziegler]
Theochila ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 15
Pieris ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 128; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 28
Pieris (Pierini) ; [NL4A, 114]
Pieris (Pierina) ; [AfrL]

Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758)

NAF, EU, Asia Minor - Middle Asia, W.Siberia, S.Siberia, Mongolia, China, Japan, Amur, Ussuri. See [About maps] Kaaliperhonen Large White Large Cabbage White Kålfjäril Großer Kohlweißling Piéride du Chou Blanca de la Col Bielinek kapustnik
Papilio brassicae Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 467, TL: Sweden
Pieris brassicae, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Pieris brassicae, Larvae of North-European Lepidoptera [Kimmo Silvonen]
Pieris brassicae, Svenska fjärilar [SVF]
Pieris brassicae, Norges Sommerfugler [NORLEP]
Pieris brassicae, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Pieris brassicae, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris brassicae, Europaische Schmetterlinge [Mario Maier]
Pieris brassicae ; [BRU, 169]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 4, f. 16]; [MRS, 257]; [NL4A, #270]; [AfrL]; [Otakar Kudrna]

450x353 (~31Kb) underside Ansteys Cove, Devon, UK 07/08/95, Photo © Simon Coombes	600x763 (~41Kb) female FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 671:53, 7.8.1999, Photo © Markku Savela	900x704 (~57Kb) underside female FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 671:53, 7.8.1999, Photo © Markku Savela
400x596 (~42Kb) larva Central Europe 1990-2000, Photo © Michael Borsch	593x400 (~35Kb) underside Central Europe 1990-2000, Photo © Michael Borsch	700x445 (~107Kb) larva Russia, Moscow, 10.7 - 15.8.2004, Photo © D. Smirnov
800x951 (~81Kb) underside Russia, Tatarstan, Varkljed-Bodja (56°13'N 52°49'E), about 20km S of Agriz, 7.8.2004, Photo © Markku Savela	783x1044 (~94Kb) Germany, Rügen, Baabe, 26.7.2005 (on Eryngium maritimum), Photo © Harri Arkkio	906x542 (~103Kb) upperside female Russia: Moscow area (36°25'E, 56°00'N), 06.08.2007, Photo © D. Smirnov

Larva on Cruciferae, Cakile maritima, Isatis tinctoria, Brassica rapa, Brassica napus v. napobrassica, B. oleracea v. botrytis, B. oleracea v. capitata, Raphanus sativus, Crambe maritima, Armoracia rusticana, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Berteroa incana, Hesperis matronalis, Erysimum hieraciifolium, Barbarea stricta, Draba incana, Bunias orientalis, Reseda odorata, Nicotiana tabacum, Tropaeolum majus, T. Peregrinum [SPRK], Brassica spp., Lepidium spp., Tropaeolum spp. [MRS]

P. b. brassicae

Pieris brassicae-vazquezi Oberthür, 1914; Etud. Lépid. Comp. 9 (2): 89, pl. 264, f. 2207, TL: Spain
Pieris brassicae gen. vern. var. chariclea f. venata Verity, 1908; Rhopalocera Palaearctica 1: 164, pl. 35, f. 24-25, TL: Morocco
Pieris brassicae verna Zeller, 1847; Isis, Jena 31: 220, TL: Italy
Pieris brassicae verna gen. aest. aestiva Zerny, 1935; Mém. Soc. Sci. nat. Maroc. 52 (?42): 25, TL: Morocco
Pieris brassicae brassicae ; [BMAT, 7, pl. 2, f. 14-20]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 28, pl. 45, f. 1

Larva on Sisymbrium sp., Lunaria biennis, Tropaeolum majus, Capparis spinosa, Raphanus raphanistrum, Isatis tinctoria, Brassica sp. [BMAT]

venata

600x435 (~37Kb) underside Morocco, Itzer, Moyen Atlas, Photo © Jean Delacre

P. b. marghanita Hemming, 1941

Kopet-Dagh brassicae meridionalis Joicey & Talbot, 1922; (nom. praeocc)

P. b. ottonis Ruber, [1907]

Turan, Tian-Shan, Ghissar, Darvaz, Alai, W.Pamirs brassicae brassicoides Staudinger, 1901; (nom. praeocc.)

Pieris naganum (Moore, 1884)

Naga Hills. See [About maps] Naga White
Mancipium naganum Moore, 1884; J. asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt II, 53 (1): 45
Mancipium nabanum[sic?] Moore, 1884
Mancipium nabanum[sic?] ; Hemming, 1967, Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Ent.), Suppl.: 428 (missp.?)
Pieris naganum ; [BIR, 434]; [EBW]
Artogeia naganum ; [BOR, 148]
Talbotia naganum ; [MRS, 261]

P. n. naganum

Assam, N.Burma Artogeia naganum naganum
Artogeia naganum naganum ; [BOR, 148]

P. n. cisseis Leech, 1890²

China (Houpe, Tsekiang, Honan, Fukien, Guangxi, Guangdong, Hainan) naganum cisseis Leech, 1890²; Entomologist 23: 192
Talbotia naganum cisseis ;

P. n. karumii Ikeda, 1937

Taiwan Pieris naganum karumii Ikeda, 1937; Zephyrus. Fukuoka 7: 37
Artogeia naganum karumii ; [BOR, 148]
Talbotia naganum karumii ; [MRS, 261]
Pieris naganum karumii ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 16

Larva on Bretschneidera sinensis [MRS]

P. n. pamsi Vitalis de Salvaza²

N.Vietnam, Laos ?Pieris naganum pamsi ?Salvin, 1921; ?Faun. Ent. Indochine (3): 18, TL: N.Vietnam
Talbotia naganum pamsi, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Talbotia naganum pamsi ;

Pieris deota (Nicéville, [1884])

Kashmir, Pamir, Karakorum, Himalaya. See [About maps] deota (Nicéville, [1884]); : 82, pl. 9, f. 10, TL: Ladak
Pieris deota; [BRU, 169]
Pieris deota ; [MRS, 257]

Pieris tadjika Grum-Grshimailo, 1888

Turkestan (Darwaz). See [About maps] Pieris tadjika Grum-Grshimailo, 1888; Hor. Soc. ent. Ross. 22(3-4): 304, TL: Darwaz, Karategin, 7000-10000
Pieris tadjika, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]

Lots of confusion about which of these are "real species" and which not!

Pieris napi (Linnaeus, 1758)

NAF, EU, AM, AC, AN, AN. See [About maps] Lanttuperhonen Green-veined White Weined White Mustard White Rapsfjäril Heckenweißling Grünader-Weißling Piéride du Navet Blanca verdinervada Bielinek bytomkowiec
Papilio napi Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 468, TL: Sweden
Pieris napi, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Pieris napi, Larvae of North-European Lepidoptera [Kimmo Silvonen]
Pieris napi, Svenska fjärilar [SVF]
Pieris napi, Norges Sommerfugler [NORLEP]
Pieris napi, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Pieris napi, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris napi, Europaische Schmetterlinge [Mario Maier]
dubiosa ; auct.
napae ; Edwards, 1881, (missp.)
Pieris napi ; [BRU, 164]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 5, f. 4]; [MRS, 258]; [NL4A, #271]; [Otakar Kudrna]
Pieris napi f. funebris ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 45, f. 11

Misidentified/misapplied:

Pontia napi; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Artogeia napi; [NACL, #4195]; [NAB, 358]

500x380 (~46Kb) upperside Luckett, Cornwall, UK 04/06/95, Photo © Simon Coombes	500x416 (~46Kb) underside Bois de Caurel, Brittany, France 20/7/96, Photo © Simon Coombes	550x527 (~33Kb) female FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, 671:53, 18.7.1997, Photo © Markku Savela
512x768 (~57Kb) underside Germany, Baden-Wuerttemberg, Oetisheim, 8° 49' E, 48° 58' N, altitude 300m, 14.04.1998 (on Salix sp.), Photo © Karl Hofsäß	741x565 (~58Kb) underside male female Vienna, Austria, 12 June 2000, Photo © Erich Mangl	597x400 (~40Kb) larva Central Europe 1990-2000, Photo © Michael Borsch
596x400 (~31Kb) underside Central Europe 1990-2000, Photo © Michael Borsch	900x654 (~55Kb) upperside male FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, Virojoki 671:53, 29.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela	900x696 (~61Kb) underside male FINLAND: Ka: Virolahti, Virojoki 671:53, 29.7.2000, Photo © Markku Savela
700x945 (~79Kb) underside male female Belgium, Antwerpen, Scheldelaan, 23.8.2003 (2nd gen.), Photo © Toon Verbruggen	1200x1050 (~157Kb) underside female Russia, Tatarstan, Varkljed-Bodja (56°13'N 52°49'E), about 20km S of Agriz, 7.8.2004, Photo © Markku Savela	1300x1020 (~185Kb) upperside female Russia, Tatarstan, Varkljed-Bodja (56°13'N 52°49'E), about 20km S of Agriz, 7.8.2004, Photo © Markku Savela
450x387 (~20Kb) FINLAND: N: Espoo, Tapiola, June 1996, Photo © Markku Savela

Larva on Cruciferae, Thlaspi arvense, T. alpestre, Alliaria petiolata, Brassica campestris, B. rapa, Brassica napus v. napobrassica, B. oleracea, B. oleracea v. botrytis, Raphanus raphanistrum, B. sativus, Armoracia rusticana, Rorippa islandica, Cardamine amara, Arabis alpina, Hesperis matronalis, Berteroa incana, Reseda odorata, Tropaeolum majus, Calendula officinalis [SPRK], Cardamine leucantha, C. niponica, Rorippa isbandica, R. sylvestris [MRS]

P. n. napi Linnaeus, 1758

EU napi napaeae Esper, [1804]
napi intermedia Krulikowsky, 1890
Pieris napi napi ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 45, f. 17, 21

P. n. lusitanica de Sousa, 1929

Portugal

P. n. britannica Verity, 1911

Ireland.British Isles

P. n. lappona Rangnow, 1935

N.Sweden, N.Finland bicolorata Petersen, 1947
Pieris napi lappona ; Hensle, 2001, Atalanta 32 (1/2): 89-95

P. n. adalwinda Fruhstorfer, 1909

N.Europe Pieris napi adalwinda Fruhstorfer, 1909; Int. ent. Zs. 3 (16): 88
Pieris bryoniae adalwinda ; [BRU]

P. n. keskuelai Eitschberger, 2001

Polar Urals Pieris napi keskuelai Eitschberger, 2001; Atalanta 32 (1/2): 86, pl. I, f. 1-8, TL: Polar Ural, railway station

P. n. maura Verity, 1911

Algeria - W.Tunisia Pieris napi napi maura Verity, 1911; Rhopalocera Palaearctica 1: 332, pl. 59, f. 18-22, TL: Blida (Algeria)
Pieris napi-maura gen. aest. napaeae f. blidana Holl, 1914; Bull. Soc. Hist. nat. Afr. N. 6: 37, TL: Blida-les-Glaciéres, Tala Rana (Algeria)
Pieris napi atlantica Rothschild, 1917; Novit. zool. 24: 75, TL: Blida-les-Glaciéres and Kabylie (Algeria)
Pieris napi maura f. temp. mauretaniae Rothschild, 1925; Novit. Zool. 32: 197, TL: Blida-les-Glaciéres (Algeria)
Pieris napi maura ; [BMAT, 9, pl. 3, f. 16-28]

P. n. atlantis Oberthür, 1925

Morocco Pieris napi napaeae atlantis Oberthür, 1925; Etud. Lépid. Comp., 22 (2): 58, pl. 593, f. 5014-5016, TL: Toumliline [Azrou] (Morocco)
Pieris napi atlantis ; [BMAT: 9, pl. 3, f. 29-32]

P. n. segonzaci Le Cerf, 1923

Morocco Pieris napi segonzaci Le Cerf, 1923; Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1923: 197, TL: Ourika, Reraïa (Morocco)
Pieris napi segonzaci; [BMAT: 9, pl. 4, f. 1-8], TL: Reraïa (Morocco)
Pieris napi-segonzaci f.indiv. deflava Le Cerf, 1923; Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 1923: 197

600x435 (~29Kb) upperside Morocco, Djebel Siroua, Anti-Atlas, Photo © Michel Tarrier

600x435 (~22Kb) underside Morocco, Djebel Siroua, Anti-Atlas, Photo © Michel Tarrier

Larva on Ptilotrichum spinosum [BMAT]

P. n. muchei Eitschberger, [1984]

Tian-Shan, Ghissar, S.Ghissar, Darvaz, Alai, Dzhungarsky Alatau

P. n. japonica Shirozu, 1952

Japan

P. n. pseudobryoniae Barnes & McDunngough, 1917²

napi pseudobryoniae Barnes & McDunngough, 1917²
Pieris napi frigida f. pseudobryoniae Verity, [1908]
arctica Verity, 1911²
Artogeia napi pseudobryoniae ; [NACL, #4195a]

There is no napi in NA, this should be included into one of the NA species, which?

P. n. hulda Edwards, 1869²

napi hulda Edwards, 1869²; Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 2: 370
Pontia napi hulda ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Artogeia napi hulda ; [NACL, #4195b]

There is No napi in NA, this should be included into one of the NA species, which?

P. n. frigida Scudder, 1861²

napi frigida Scudder, 1861²; Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 181
borealis Grote, 1873²; Bull. Buffalo Soc. nat. Sci., 1: 185
acadica Edwards, 1881²; Papilio 1: 87
pseudoleracea Verity, 1908²
Pontia napi borealis ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Pontia napi frigida ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Pontia napi acadica ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Artogeia napi frigida ; [NACL, #4195c]

There is napi in NA, this should be included into one of the NA species, which?

P. n. pallidissima Barnes & McDunnough, 1916²

napi pallidissima Barnes & McDunnough, 1916²
Artogeia napi pallidissima ; [NACL, #4195h]

No napi in NA, should be included into one of the NA species, which?

P. n. mogollon Burdick, 1942

New Mexico, Arizona, ... napi mogollon Burdick, 1942; , TL: New Mexico
Pieris narina mogollon gen.aest. warreni dos Passos, 1965; J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 73: (135-137), TL: White Mts., Arizona

= ; [NL4A, #271b]

marginalis mogollon f. postmogollon Eitschberger, 1983; , TL: USA

= ; [NL4A, #271b]

Artogeia napi mogollon ; [NACL, #4195i]
Pieris napi mogollon ; [NL4A, #271b]

There is no napi in NA, this should be included into one of the NA species, which?

P. n. napoleon Eitschberger, 1990

P. n. meridionalis Heyne, 1895

P. n. r. montana

Sikkim - Burma napi r. montana ; [BIR, 432]

= Pieris melete ssp. montana Verity, 1908?

P. n. r. melaena

Chumbi Valley napi r. melaena ; [BIR, 432]

Pieris ajaka Moore, 1865²

Kashmir. See [About maps] ajaka Moore, 1865²; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865 (2): 490, pl. 31, f. 16
napi r. ajaka ; [BIR, 432]
Pieris ajaka ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 10

Pieris marginalis Scudder, 1861

Yukon - British Columbia - California, Rocky Mountains. See [About maps] Margined White
Pieris marginalis Scudder, 1861; Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 183, TL: "Gulf of Georgia"
Pieris pallida Scudder, 1861; Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 183
Pieris marginalis marginalis, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Pieris marginalis, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Pieris marginalis, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Pontia napi pallida ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Artogeia napi marginalis ; [NACL, #4195f]
Pieris marginalis ; [BOC, 138]; [Opler]

1000x791 (~61Kb) upperside female USA: Wallace Falls State Park (47°53'35N 121°40'53W), Snohomish Co., WA, 13.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela

520x617 (~26Kb) upperside female USA: Wallace Falls State Park (47°53'35N 121°40'53W), Snohomish Co., WA, 13.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela

400x502 (~17Kb) underside female USA: Wallace Falls State Park (47°53'35N 121°40'53W), Snohomish Co., WA, 13.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela

Larva on Dentaria angulata, D. pulcherrima, D. breweri, Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum [BOC]

P. m. mcdunnoughi Remington, 1954

Rocky Mountains marginalis mcdunnoughi Remington, 1954; , TL: Silverton, Colorado
pseudonapi Barnes & McDunnough, 1916²; (preocc. Verity, 1911)
macdunnoughi don Passos, 1964²; (emend.)
Artogeia napi mcdunnoughi ; [NACL, #4195g]
Pieris marginalis mcdunnoughi ; [BOC, 138]

P. m. reicheli Eitschberger, 1983

British Columbia marginalis reicheli Eitschberger, 1983; , TL: Revelstoke, British Columbia
Pieris marginalis reicheli, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Pieris marginalis reicheli ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 11; [BOC, 138]

P. m. castoria Reakirt, 1966

California Pieris castoria Reakirt, 1866; Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Phil.: 31, TL: California
nasturtii Boisduval, 1869; , TL: California

= Pieris napi castoria ; [NL4A, #271a]

resedae Boisduval, 1869; , TL: California

= Pieris napi castoria ; [NL4A, #271a]

iberidis Boisduval, 1869; , TL: California

= Pieris napi castoria ; [NL4A, #271a]

napi microstriata Comstock, 1924; , TL: California

= Pieris napi castoria ; [NL4A, #271a]

napi var. castoria ab. cottlei Gunder, 1925; , TL: USA(California)

= Pieris napi castoria ; [NL4A, #271a]

Pontia napi castoria ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Pieris marginalis castoria ; [BOC, 138]
Pieris napi castoria ; [NL4A, #271a]

P. m. venosa (Scudder, 1861)

California venosa (Scudder, 1861); Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist. 8: 182, TL: San Mateo & Mendocino, California
flava Edwards, 1881²
Pieris marginalis venosa, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Pontia napi venosa ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Artogeia napi venosa ; [NACL, #4195e]
Pieris marginalis venosa ; [BOC, 138]

Pieris bryoniae (Hübner, [1790-1793])

CEU, SEEU. See [About maps] Bielinek bryonie
Papilio bryoniae Hübner, [1790-1793]; Schmett. Lep. linn.: 14
?bryoniae (Hübner, [1806]); Samml. europ. Schmett., 1: 62, TL: near Geneva, Switzerland
?bryoniae (Ochsenheimer, 1808); Schmett. Europa 1 (2): 151
Pieris flavescens Müller, 1933
Pieris bryoniae, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Pieris bryoniae, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris bryoniae, Europaische Schmetterlinge [Mario Maier]
Pontia napi bryoniae ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6 (misid.?)
Pieris bryoniae ; [BRU, 164]; [EBW]; [Otakar Kudrna]
Pieris napi bryoniae ; [MRS, 258]

Larva on Brassicaceae, Thlaspi, Arabis caucasica [BRU]

P. b. bryonides Sheljuzhko, 1910

Tian-Shan, Dzhungarsky Alatau, Altai, Sayan bryoniae heptopotamica Krulikowsky, 1904; (nomen nudum)

488x323 (~43Kb) The middle valley of the Kora River, 18 km NE of the Tekeli City (1600 m above sea level), the North Dzhungarskiy Alatau mountain chain (NE part of Tien Shan), the Taldy-Kurgan Province, Kazakhstan. 14th June, 19934, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

P. b. schintlmeisteri Eitschberger, 1983

Far East

P. b. kamtschadalis Ruber, 1907

Kamchatka

P. b. sheljuzhkoi Eitschberger, [1984]

Chukot Peninsula

440x446 (~26Kb) upperside female A coastal meadow on the Cape Ploskii, the Koni Peninsula, Ola District, S Magadan Province, Russia. 8th July, 1989, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

P. b. caucasica Verity, 1908

Caucasica

P. b. turcica Eitschberger & Hesselbarth, 1977

Armenian Highland

P. b. wolfsbergeri Eitschberger, 1984

Italy Pieris bryoniae wolfsbergeri ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 45, f. 12

P. b. marani Moucha, 1956

Pieris bryoniae marani ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 45, f. 13

Pieris pseudorapae (Verity, [1908])

SEU, Turkey, Iran. See [About maps] pseudorapae (Verity, [1908]); Rhopalocera Palaearctica 1: 144, pl. 32, f. 23-24, pl. 33, f. 1, TL: Beirut, Lebanon
Pieris pseudorapae, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris pseudorapae ; [BRU, 165]

Larva on Alliaria pentiolata [BRU, Danchenko]

P. p. suffusa Sheljuzhko, 1931

Caucasus Minor, Armenian Highland, Talysh, Kopet-Dagh pseudorapae postsuffusa Eitschberger, 1983

P. p. balcarica Wojtusiak & Niesiiolowski, 1947

SEU

P. p. mazandarana Eitschberger, 1986

Pieris persis (Verity, 1922)

Iran, Kopet-Dagh. See [About maps] persis (Verity, 1922); Entomologist's Rec. J. Var. 34: 140, TL: Husseinabad, Iran
higginsi Warren, 1961
Pieris persis, Lepidoptera collection [SZMN]
Pieris persis, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris persis ; [BRU, 165]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 45, f. 10

Pieris bowdeni Eitschberger, 1984

Iran, Turkey, S.Transcaucasia, Kopet-Dagh. See [About maps] Pieris bowdeni Eitschberger, 1984; Herbipoliana 1 (1-2): 218, pl. 441, f. 31-32, TL: Türkei/Agri, Asagi Kent, 2200-2400m
Pieris bowdeni, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris bowdeni ; [BRU, 165]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 1

Pieris narina (Verity, [1908])

Tian-Shan. See [About maps] narina (Verity, [1908]); Rhopalocera Palaearctica 1: 145, pl. 32, f. 28-29, pl. 33, f. 2, TL: Naryn [Inner Tian-Shan]
Pieris narina, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris narina ; [BRU, 165]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 2

Pieris euorientis (Verity, 1908)

Altai Mts. - C.Yakutia. See [About maps] euorientis (Verity, 1908); Rhop. Palaearc.: 147, pl. 32, f. 44, TL: Sajan Mts., Russia
vitimesis (Verity, 1911)
Pieris euorientis, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris euorientis ; [BRU, 166]

Pieris dulcinea (Butler, 1882)

NE.China, Amur, Ussuri, Far East. See [About maps] dulcinea (Butler, 1882); Ann. mag. nat. Hist. (5) 9: 18, TL: Posiette Bay, Ussuri
Pieris dulcinea, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris dulcinea ; [BRU, 166]

Larva on Arabis sagittata, Cardamine leucanthe [BRU, Kurentzov, 1970, Danchenko & Nikolaevsky]

P. d. dulcinea (Butler, 1882)

Amur, Ussuri, Far East dulcinea sichotensis Kurentzov, 1941
dulcinea sulphurea Sheljuzhko, 1961
Pieris dulcinea dulcinea ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 7 (?)

P. d. saghalensis Nakahara, 1926

Sakhalin

P. d. tomariana Matsumura, 1928

Kuriles dulcinea kurilica Bryk, 1942

Pieris melete Ménétriés, 1857

N.India, Kashmir, Manchuria, China, Korea, Amur, Ussuri, Japan. See [About maps] Pieris melete Ménétriés, 1857; Cat. lep. Petersb. 2: 113, pl. 10, f. 1-2, TL: Japan
Pieris melete ssp. montana Verity, 1908; Rhopalocera Palaearctica 1: 141, pl. 31, f. 20-21
Pieris melete, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris melete ; [EBW]; [MRS, 259]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 9
Artogeia melete ; [BOR, 148]

Larva on Arabis sagittata, A. glauca, Cardamine leucanthe, Sisymbrium officinale [BRU, Kurentzov, 1970, Danchenko], Cardamine scutata, Arabis hirsuta, Sisymbrium luteum, Rorippa indica [MRS]

P. m. orientis Oberthür, 1880

Ussuri melete transiens Verity, 1908
melete amuri Sheljuzhko, 1960

642x491 (~32Kb) female A dragonfly station, Gurye County, Jeonnam Province, S Korea, 28th July 2002, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Pieris nesis Fruhstorfer, 1909

Japan, Sakhalin. See [About maps] Pieris nesis Fruhstorfer, 1909; Int. ent. Zs. 3 (16): 88, TL: Sapporo, Japan
Pieris nesis, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris nesis ; [BRU, 167]; [BRU2: 215, pl. 83, f. 1-3]
napi nesis ;

Pieris canidia (Linnaeus, 1768)

NW.India, Himalayas, Assam (hills), Burma, Nilgiris, Palnis, Travancore (hills), Cochin, Tibet, W.China, Riu Kiu. See [About maps] Indian Cabbage White
Papilio canidia Linnaeus, 1768; in Sparrman, Amoenit. acad., 7 (150): 504n, TL: S.China
Pieris canidia, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris canidia ; [BOW: pl. 161, f. 5]; [BRU, 167]; [MRS, 258]

P. c. canidia

NW.India - N.Burma, SW.China, Hainan, Taiwan Pieris glaphyra Godart, 1819; Ency. meth. 9 (Ins.) (2): 160
Pieris claripennis Butler, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 19: 96, TL: Shanghai
Pieris ab. aestiva Ruhl, 1893; Palae. Grossschmett. 1: 125
Pieris ab. marginalis Avinoff, 1910; Horae Soc. ent. ross. 39: 2 pl. 14, f. 2, TL: Ferghana
Pieris f. nerissoides Mell, 1943; Zoologica Stuttgart 36: 104, TL: S.China
Pieris f. reducta Mell, 1943; Zoologica Stuttgart 36: 104, TL: S.China
Artogeia canidia canidia ; [BOR, 148]
Pieris canidia canidia ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 28, pl. 45, f. 7-8

Larva on Cardamine flexuosa, C. scutata, Lepidium virginicum, Raphanus acanthiformis, Brassica alboglabra, Cleome gynandra, C. spinosa, Alstonia scholaris, Arabis hirsuta, A. stelleri, Rorippa indica [MRS]

P. c. malayica Martin, 1909

?Hongkong, Singapore Pieris malayica Martin, 1909; Ent. Z. Stuttgart (Frankf. a. M.) 23 (36): 161
Artogeia canidia malayica ; [BOR, 148]
Pieris (Artogeia) canidia malayica ; [BMP: 86, pl. 8, f. 2]

P. c. palaearctica (Staudinger, 1886)

Middle Asia

P. c. juba Fruhstorfer, 1919

Japan

P. c. mars Bang-Haas

Pieris canidia mars ; [MRS, 258]

P. c. sordida Butler, 1877

Pieris ab. sordida Butler, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 19: 96, TL: Shanghai
Pieris canidia sordida ; [MRS, 258]

P. c. indica Evans, 1926

Chitral, Yunnan Pieris canidia indica Evans, 1926; , TL: Chitral, NW.Himalayas
Pieris canidia indica ; Huang, 2001
Artogeiga canidia indica ; [Torben B. Larsen]

Pieris extensa Poujade, 1888

China. See [About maps] Pieris extensa Poujade, 1888; Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. (6) 8: 19
eurydike Leech²
Pieris euridice ; [EBW]
Pieris extensa ; [MRS, 259]
Pieris extensa extensa ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 8

Pieris dubernardi Oberthür, 1884

-. See [About maps] Pieris dubernardi ; [MRS, 259]

P. d. dubernardi

N.Yunnan, W.Sichuan Pieris dubernardi dubernardi ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 15

?P. d. kozlowi ?

Nanshan

P. d. chumbiensis de Nicéville, 1897

S.Tibet dubernardi chumbiensis de Nicéville, 1897; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal (II) 66 (3): 563, pl. 1, f. 6

P. d. pomiensis Yoshino, 1998

E.Tibet Pieris dubernardi pomiensis Yoshino, 1998; Neo Lepidoptera 3: 1, f. 1, 5, TL: Pomi, E. Tibet

Pieris rapae (Linnaeus, 1758)

Palearctic, NA, AU. See [About maps] Naurisperhonen Small White Small Cabbage White Cabbage White Rovfjäril Rovefjäril Kleiner Kohlweißling Rübenweißling Petit Blanc Du Chou Blanquita de la Col Bielinek rzepnik
Papilio rapae Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 468, TL: Sweden
Pieris rapae rapae, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Pieris rapae rapae, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Pieris rapae, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Pieris rapae, Larvae of North-European Lepidoptera [Kimmo Silvonen]
Pieris rapae, Svenska fjärilar [SVF]
Pieris rapae, Norges Sommerfugler [NORLEP]
Pieris rapae rapae, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Pieris rapae, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Pieris rapae, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
Pieris rapae, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris rapae, Europaische Schmetterlinge [Mario Maier]
Artogeia rapae, Captain's European Butterfly Guide [Simon Coombes]
Pontia rapae ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Pieris rapae ; [BRU, 168]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 5, f. 5]; [BAFR, 86]; [MRS, 257]; [BOC, 140]; [Opler]; [AfrL]; [NL4A, #272]; [Otakar Kudrna]
Artogeia rapae ; [NACL, #4197]; [NAB, 360]

500x507 (~28Kb) underside Italy: Firenze, Sesto Fiorentino, 15.5.1997, Photo © Markku Savela	600x647 (~27Kb) female USA: Wallingford, Seattle, King Co., WA, 4.7.1999, Photo © Markku Savela	700x983 (~61Kb) female USA: Wallingford, Seattle, King Co., WA, 4.7.2000, Photo © Valentina Anderson
800x635 (~59Kb) underside female USA: Wallingford, Seattle, King Co., WA, 4.7.2000, Photo © Valentina Anderson	550x371 (~42Kb) larva Central Europe 1990-2000, Photo © Michael Borsch	597x400 (~29Kb) underside Central Europe 1990-2000, Photo © Michael Borsch
1200x819 (~112Kb) underside male female USA: Alabama, Jeff., Co., 4.3.2000, Photo © Vitaly Charny	961x1357 (~107Kb) upperside male USA: Alabama, Jeff., Co., 12.3.2000, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x1050 (~130Kb) female USA: Alabama, 7.6.2003, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1500x975 (~112Kb) underside female USA: Alabama, 24.7.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	750x1106 (~84Kb) underside Japan: Tokyo, 20.09.2007, Photo © Peter Payzant	721x619 (~57Kb) SPAIN: Teneriffa, 1-5.4.1996, Photo © Valentina Anderson

Larva on Cruciferae, Brassica spp., Brassica napus v. napobrassica, B. oleracea, Barbarea vulgaris, Cardamine pratensis, Arabis alpina, Alyssum saxatile, Hesperis matronalis, Reseda odorata, Tropaeolum majus, Nicotiana tabacum [SPRK], Brassica spp., Reseda spp. [MRS]

Larva on Cleome spp., Armoracia lapathifolia, Brassica oleracea, B. napus, B. rapa, Brassica sp. nigra/juncea, B. spp., Lepidium hyssopifolium, Raphanus sativus, Reseda sp., Tropaeolum sp. K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

P. r. rapae

Pieris rapae f. atomaria Fruhstorfer, 1909; Ent. Zs. 23 (8): 42, TL: Dalmatia
yreka Reakirt, 1866; , TL: California

= ; [NL4A, #272a]

var. novangliae (Scudder, 1872) (Ganoris); Can. Ent. 4: 79, TL: New Hampshire

= ; [NL4A, #272a]

Pieris rapae immaculata Cockerell, 1889; (preocc. DeSelys, 1857), TL: Ireland

= ; [NL4A, #272a]

var. immaculata Skinner & Aaron, 1889; Can. Ent. 21: 128 (preocc. DeSelys, 1857), TL: ;Pennsylvania

= ; [NL4A, #272a]

Pieris rapae rapae ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 28, pl. 45, f. 15, 19
atomaria ; Abadjiev, 2002, Neue Ent. Nachr. 23: 17
Pontia rapae novangliae ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Pontia rapae immaculata ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Pieris rapae rapae ; [NL4A, #272a]

P. r. deleta (Strand, 1901)

NEU rapae flavida Petersen, 1902

P. r. mauretanica Verity, 1908

N.Africa Pieris rapae mauretanica Verity, 1908; Rhopalocera Palaearctica 1: 155, pl. 33, f. 43-44, TL: Algeria and Tangier
Pieris rapae var. leucotera Stefanelli, 1869; Boll. Soc. ent. ital [1]: 147, TL: Italy
Pontia rapae var. minor Costa, 1836; Fauna Reg. Nap. Lepid.: [32], pl. 3, f. 3-4, TL: Italy
Ganoris rapae mauretanica f. temp. barbara Rothschild, 1925; Novit. Zool. 32: 197, TL: Algeria
Ganoris rapae mauritanica f. gen. vern. leucoteroides Rothschild, 1926; Bull. Soc. Sci. nat. Maroc. 5: 128-129, TL: Rabat (Morocco)
Pieris rapae ab. flavoapicalis Lempke, 1934; Lambillionea 34: 81, TL: Italy [& Algeria]
Pieris rapae minor var. nana Chnéour, 1950; Bull. Soc. Hist. nat. Afr. N. 41: 41, TL: N.Tunisia
Pieris rapae messanensis Zeller, 1847; Isis, Jena 31: 221, TL: Italy
Pieris rapae mauretanica ; [BMAT, 8, pl. 3, f. 1-11]

Larva on Tropaeolum majus, Brassicaceae, Moricandia arvensis, Brassia sp. [BMAT]

P. r. transcaucasica (Stauder, 1925)

Caucasus, Armenian Highland

P. r. meleager (Hemming, 1934)

Talysh, Kopet-Dagh rapae iranica LeCerf, 1914; (nom. preocc.)

P. r. kenteana Rühl, [1893]

Altai, Sayan, Transbaikalia, Far East, Kamchatka rapae viluiensis Röber, [1907]

P. r. crucivora (Boisduval, 1836)

Amur, Ussuri, Sakhalin rapae orientalis Oberthür, 1880
rapae mandschurica Speyer, 1882
rapae wladiwostokensis Kardakov, 1928
Pieris rapae orientalis ; [MRS, 257]; Huang, 2001
Pieris rapae crucivora ; [MRS, 257]

Larva on Brassica alboglabra, B. campestris, B. oleracea, Raphanus acanthiformis, Crateva adansonii, Cleome spinosa, Rtopaeolum majus [MRS, (for crucivora)]

P. r. debilis (Alpheraky, 1889)

SEEU, Turan, Tian-Shan, Gissar, Darvaz, Alai, Pamirs rapae eumorpha Fruhstorfer, 1911
rapae pulverea Verity, 1911
rapae accrescens Stauder, 1924
Pieris rapae eumorpha ; [MRS, 257]

P. r. yunnaensis Mell

Pieris rapae yunnaensis ; [MRS, 257]

Pieris mannii (Mayer, 1851)

SEU, Asia Minor, Morocco, Syria. See [About maps] Southern Small White Blanca Catalana
Pontia mannii Mayer, 1851; Stettin. ent. Ztg. 1851: 151, TL: Europe
Pieris mannii, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Pontia manni ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6 (missid.?)
Pieris manni ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 4, f. 13]
Pieris mannii ; [Otakar Kudrna]

1138x868 (~201Kb) Italy, Ravenna, September 2002, Photo © Maurizio Elia

Larva on Cruciferae, Iberis sempervivum, Sinapis [H&R]

P. m. mannii

Pieris mannii mannii ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 28, pl. 45, f. 16

P. m. haroldi Wyatt, 1952

Morocco (Middle Atlas) Pieris mannii haroldi Wyatt, 1952; Z. wien. ent. Ges. 37: 173, pl. 21, f. B5-B6, TL: Taghzeft Pass (Morocco)
Pieris rapae [mannii] rossii Stefanelli, 1900; Boll. Soc. ent. ital. 32: 178, TL: Italy
Pieris mannii haroldi ; [BMAT: 8, pl. 3, f. 12-15]

P. m. todaroana Pincitore-Marott, 1879

P. m. alpigena Verity

Pieris ergane (Geyer, [1828])

SEU, Asia Minor, Syria, Iraq, Iran, Transcaucasia. See [About maps] Mountain Small White Blanca escasa
ergane (Geyer, [1828]); in Hübner, Samml. eur. Schmett. [1] : f. 904-907 (1827-1828)
narcaea Freyer, 1828
Pieris ergane gen. vern. var. stefanellii Verity, [1909]; Rhopalocera Palaearctica 1: 153, pl. 33, f. 32-36, pl. 34, f. 1, f. 23, TL: Greece
Pieris ergane, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Pieris ergane, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
stefanellii ; Abadjiev, 2002, Neue Ent. Nachr. 23: 18
Pieris ergane ; [BRU, 167]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 5, f. 1]; [Otakar Kudrna]

Larva on Aethionema saxatile [H&R]

P. e. detersa Verity, 1911

Caucasus Minor, Armenian Highland

P. e. elbursina Bytinski-Salz, 1937

Talysh ergane alterelbursina Verity, 1937

Pieris krueperi Staudinger, 1860

Balkans, Iran, Baluchistan, Kopet-Dagh, Asia Minor - Middle Asia. See [About maps] Krueper's Small White
Pieris krueperi Staudinger, 1860; Wien. ent. Mon. 4 (1): 19, TL: "Graecia"
Pieris krueperi, Moths and Butterflies of Europe [MBE]
Pieris krueperi, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]
Pieris krueperi ; [BRU, 167]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 5, f. 2]; [AfrL]
Pieris kureperi ; [Otakar Kudrna]

Larva on Alyssum montanum [H&R], Alyssum, Aurinia [BRU, Nekrutenko, Heeselbarth & al., 1995]

P. k. krueperi

Pieris krueperi krueperi ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 28, pl. 45, f. 14, 18

P. k. devta de Nicéville, 1884

Tian-Shan, Ghissar, S.Ghissar, Darvaz, Alai, W.Pamirs

Pieris mahometana (Grum-Grshimailo, 1888)

NE.Afghanistan, W.Pamirs. See [About maps] mahometana (Grum-Grshimailo, 1888); Horae Soc. ent. Rossicae, 22: 304, TL: Darwaz
Pieris mahometana, Extracts from [BRU] by [Ilya Osipov]

Pieris balcana Lorkovic, 1970

SEEU. See [About maps]

Pieris virginiensis Edwards, 1870

West Virginia White
Pieris virginiensis Edwards, 1870; Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3: 13
Pieris virginiensis virginiensis, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Pieris virginiensis, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Pontia napi virginiensis ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 6
Artogeia virginiensis ; [NACL, #4196]
Pieris virginiensis ; [EBW]; [Opler]

925x750 (~178Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 2.4.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	756x916 (~80Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 9.4.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1609x1069 (~235Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 9.4.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1400x935 (~102Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 9.4.2005, Photo © Vitaly Charny

Larva on Dentaria diphylla [NAB]

P. v. hyatti Eitschberger, 1984

Pieris virginiensis hyatti ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 14

Pieris erutae Poujade, 1888

-. See [About maps]

P. e. erutae

Yunnan, ...? Pieris erutae erutae ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 29, pl. 46, f. 6; Huang, 2001

P. e. reissingeri Eitschberger, 1984

Pieris brassicoides Guérin-Méneville, 1849

-. See [About maps] Pieris brassicoides ; [EBW]; [AfrL]

P. b. brassicoides

Ethiopia (highlands) Pieris brassicoides brassicoides ; [BAFR, 86]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 28, pl. 45, f. 3; [AfrL]

P. b. marghanita Hemming, 1941

N.Tanzania (Mt. Meru, Ngorongoro Crater) Pieris brassicoides marghanita ; [BAFR, 86 (text)]; [AfrL]

5.7.2008 (34)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automaticly generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[AfrL]

Mark C. Williams; Checklist of Afrotropical Papilionoidea and Hesperoidea; Compiled by Mark C. Williams, 7th ed. (2008) (April 2007); e-mail: Mark C. Williams

[BAFR]

D'Abrera, 1980; Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region

[BAMONA]

Paul Opler, Harry Pavulaan, Ray Stanford, Michael Pogue; Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node

[BCA]

electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA

[BIR]

Wynter-Blyth, M. A., 1957; Butterflies of the Indian Region; (1982 Reprint)

[BMAT]

Tennent, John, 1996; The butterflies of Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia; ISBN 0 906802 05 9

[BMP]

Eliot (Ed.), Corbet & Pendlebury, 1992; The Butterflies of The Malay Peninsula; 4th edition; ISBN 983-9681-05-2

[BOA]

Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America

[BOC]

Robert Michael Pyle, 2002; The Butterflies of Cascadia

[BOR]

D'Abrera, B., 1982, 1985, 1986; Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part I-III

[BOW]

Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X

[BRU]

Tuzov, Bogdanov, Devyatkin, Kaabak, Korolev, Murzin, Samodurov, Tarasov, 1997; Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories; Hesperiidae, Papilionidae, Pieridae, Satyridae; Volume 1

[BRU2]

Tuzov (ed.), Bogdanov, Churkin, Devyatkin, Dantchenko, Murzin, Samodurov, Zhdanko, 2000; Guide to the Butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories; Libytheidae, Danaidae, Nymphalidae, Riodinidae, Lycaenidae; Volume 2

[Bruce Walsh]

Bruce Walsh; e-mail: Bruce Walsh; The Moths of Southeastern Arizona; Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon

[D. Smirnov]

Russia, Moscow; e-mail: D. Smirnov

[Don Herbison-Evans]

and Stella A. Crossley; Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans

[EBW]

Smart, Paul, 1976; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World; ISBN 0 600 31381 6

[Erich Mangl]

http://www.mangl.at

[H&R]

Higgins, L.G, Riley, N.D, 1970; A Field Guide to the Butterflies of Britain and Europe

[HBN]

Francis Hemming, 1937; HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2

[Harri Arkkio]

Finland

[Heiner Ziegler]

Switzerland / Schweiz; www.pieris.ch

[ILMB]

Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies

[Ilya Osipov]

The insects from former USSR for collectors Web site; e-mail: Ilya Osipov; http://www.osipov.org/insects/

[Jean Delacre]

http://homepage.mac.com/jdelacre

[Karl Hofsäß]

Karl Hofsaess; e-mail: Karl Hofsäß

[Kimmo Silvonen]

Espoo, Finland; Kimmo's Lep Site

[LAMAS-2005]

Gerardo Lamas; Entomofauna 26 (6): 57-100; A Bibliography of the Zoological Publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1886* - 1922+)

[MBE]

Moths and Butteflies of Europe; Paolo Mazzei, Diego Reggianti and Ilaria Pimpinelli; http://www.leps.it/

[MRS]

Chou Io (Ed.); Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2

[Mario Maier]

Europäische Schmetterlinge; e-mail: Mario Maier

[Maurizio Elia]

Ravenna, Italy; e-mail: Maurizio Elia

[Michael Borsch]

Geesthacht, Germany; contact through; e-mail: Francisco Welter-Schultes

[Michel Tarrier]

Michel R. Tarrier; Malaga, Spain; http://www.tarrier.org

[NAB]

Pyle, R. M.; National Audubon Society: Field Guide to North American Butterflies; 1981; ISBN 0-394-51914-0

[NACL]

Hodges, Ronald W. (ed.), 1983; Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico

[NL4A]

Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea

[NORLEP]

Norges Sommerfugler

[Oleg Kosterin]

Institue of Cytology & Genetics; Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk; e-mail: Oleg Kosterin; http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/kosterin/

[Opler]

Opler & Warren, 2003 (April); Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.

[Peter Payzant]

Canada; http://www.pbase.com/ppayzant/profile

[SPRK]

Seppänen, E. J, 1970; Suomen suurperhostoukkien ravintokasvit, Animalia Fennica 14

[SVF]

Svenska fjärilar; Naturhistoriska riksmuseet; (Sweden)

[SZMN]

Lepidoptera; Siberian Zoological Museum

[Simon Coombes]

1 Park Street, Plymouth, PL3 4BL, UK; 01752 607854; e-mail: Simon Coombes; http://www.butterfly-guide.co.uk

[Toon Verbruggen]

e-mail: Toon Verbruggen; http://users.pandora.be/natuurpuntza/index.htm

[Vitaly Charny]

Birmingham, Alabama, USA

[Wahlberg]

Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group

[Yutaka Inayoshi]

A Check List of Butterflies in Indo-China; Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM

[²]

This may require parentheses or not. I don't have the necessary information for this taxon.

Some related literature:

Abadjiev, 2002

Types of Balkan butterflies in the collection of The Natural History Museum, London Neue Ent. Nachr. 23: 3-53

Boisduval, [1836]

Histoire Naturelle des insectes: Spécies général des lépidoptères Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 690pp, 24pls

de Nicéville, 1897

On new or little-known Butterflies from the Indo- and Austro-Malayan Regions J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal (II) 66 (3): 543-577, pls. 1-4

dos Passos, 1965

Review of the Nearctic species of Pieris "napi" as classified by androconial scales and description of a new seasonal form J. N.Y. Ent. Soc. 73: 135-137

K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991

Review of Australian Butterflies: distribution, life history and taxonomy. Pushlished by authors, Melbourne Review Austr. Butts. (1-4):

Dyar, 1903

A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: xix, 723pp

Edwards, 1869

Descriptions of new species of diurnal Lepidoptera found within the United States Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 2: 369-376

Edwards, 1870

Descriptions of new species of diurnal Lepidoptera found within the United States Trans. amer. ent. Soc. 3: 10-22

Edwards, 1881

On Pieris bryoniae Ochsenheimer, and its derivative forms in Europe and America Papilio 1: 83-99

Eitschberger, 1983; Eitschberger, 1984

Systematische Untersuchungen am Pieris napi-bryoniae-Komplex (s.l.) Herbipoliana 1 (1-2): (1) i-xxii, 1-504, (2) 1-601

Eitschberger, 2001

Eine neue Unterart von Pieris napi (Linnaeus, 1758) vom Polar Ural Atalanta 32 (1/2): 85-88

Fruhstorfer, 1909

Neues über Pieris manni [sic] Ent. Zs. 23 (8): 41-42 (22 May)

Fruhstorfer, 1909

Neue palaearktische Pieriden Int. ent. Zs. 3 (16): 88 (17 July)

Godman & Salvin, [1889]

Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782, 3: pl. 1-112

Grum-Grshimailo, 1888

Novae species et varietas Rhopalocerum Horae Soc. ent. Rossicae, 22: 303-307

Hemming, 1967

Generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Ent.), Suppl.: -

Hensle, 2001

Zur Frage der subspezifischen Zuordnung von "Pieris bryoniae lappona" Rangnow, 1935 Atalanta 32 (1/2): 89-95

Hübner, [1790-1793]

Der Schmetterlinge Lepidoptera Linnei, Europäisches Heer, [1790-1793] Schmett. Lep. linn.: [1-3], 4-16

Hübner, [1806]

Tentamen determinationis digestionis alque denominationis singlarum stripium Lepidopterorum, peritisad inspiciendum et dijudicandum communicatum, a Jacob Hübner Tentamen determinationis digestionis ...: -

Geyer in Hübner, [1828]

Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge. I. Papiliones - Falter ("Erste Band") Samml. eur. Schmett. [1] (Ziefer?): 3-74, : pl. 1-88, f. 1-446 (1799-1800), pl. 89-96, f. 447-490 (1800-1803), pl. 97-114, f. 491-588 (1803-1804), pl. 115-119, f. 589-612 (1805), pl. 120-124, f. 613-636 (1805-1806), pl. 125-128, f. 637-652 (1806-1808), pl. 129-144, f. 653-727 (1808-1813), pl. 145-147, f. 728-741 (1814-1816), pl. 148-150, f. 742-756 (1816-1817), pl. 151, f. 757-762 (1818-1819), pl. 152-154, f. 757-774 (1819-1822), pl. 155, f. 775-778 (1822-1823), pl. 156-161, f. 779-806 (1823), pl. 162-175, f. 807-874 (1823-1824), pl. 176, f. 869-874 (1824-1825), pl. 177-181, f. 875-895 (1825-1826), (Geyer), pl. 182-187, f. 896-981 (1827-1828), pl. 188-195, f. 922-968 (1828-1832), pl. 196, f. 969-974 (1832-1833), pl. 197-201, f. 975-997 (1834-1836), pl. 202-203, f. 998-1009 (1836-1838), pl. 204-207, f. 1010-1029 (1837-1838)

Leech, 1890

New species of Rhopalocera from China Entomologist 23: 187-192

Linnaeus, 1758

Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: -

Linnaeus, 1768

Sparrman (Thesis), Iter Chinense in Sparrman, Amoenit. acad., 7 (150): 497-506

Martin, 1909

Eine paläarkt. Pieride unter dem Aequator Ent. Z. Stuttgart (Frankf. a. M.) 23 (36): 161

Ménétriés, 1857

Enumeratio corporum animalium Musei Imperialis Academiae Scientiarum Petropilitanae. Classis Insectorum, Ordo Lepidopterorum Cat. lep. Petersb. 1: 1-66,67-97, pl. 1-6 (1855), 2: 67-112,99-144, pl. 7-14 (1857), 3: 145-161, pl. 15-18 (1863)

Moore, 1865

List of diurnal Lepidoptera collected by Capt. A.M. Lang in the N.W. Himalayas Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865 (2): 486-509, pls. 30-31

Ochsenheimer, 1808

Die Schmetterlinge von Europa. Erster Band, Zweyte Abtheilung Schmett. Europa 1 (2): 240pp

Schrank, 1801

Fauna Boica, Durchgedachte Geschichte der in Baiern einheimischen und zahmen Thiere. 2 (1) Fauna Boica 2 (1): -

Staudinger, 1860

Pieris krueperi, Ein neuer europäischer Tagfalter Wien. ent. Mon. 4 (1): 19-20

Staudinger, 1886

Centralasiatische Lepidopteren Stett. Ent. Ztg. 47 (7-9): 193-215, 225-256

Verity, 1908; Verity, [1909]; Verity, 1911

Rhopalocera Palaearctica Iconographie et Description des Papillons diurnes de la région paléarctique. Papilionidae et Pieridae Rhopalocera Palaearctica 1: 86+368pp, 2+12+72pls

Winhard, 2000

Pieridae I Butterflies of the world, 10: (1) 40pp, (2) 48pls

Yoshino, 1998

New Butterflies from China 4 Neo Lepidoptera 3: 1-7

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxononic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.