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Ascia Scopoli, 1777
Ascia Scopoli, 1777; Introd. Hist. nat.: 434, TS: Papilio monuste Linnaeus
Ascia, Pieridae Holarcticae [Heiner Ziegler]
 Ascia ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 30
Ascia (Pierini) ; [NL4A, 116]
Ascia monuste (Linnaeus, 1764)
S.USA, CA, SA, Antilles. See [About maps] Great Southern White
Papilio monuste Linnaeus, 1764; Mus. Lud. Ulr.: 237, TL: "Exteris terris" [?Surinam]
Ascia monuste monuste, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Ascia monuste monuste, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Ascia monuste, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Ascia monuste monuste, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
 Synchloë monuste ; Butler & Druce, 1874, Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1874 (3): 362
Pieris monuste ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 132; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 725
Pontia monuste ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 5
Ascia monuste ; [NACL, #4198]; [BCR, 98]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 48, f. 17]; [Opler]; [NL4A, #336]

Larva on Lepidium virginicum, Batis maritima, Cleome spinosa [NAB]

Larva on Lipidium, Crataeva, Brassica, Cleome, Tropaeoleum [BCR]

A. m. monuste
S.USA - Surinam Cepora heliades Billberg, 1820; (repl. name), TL: "externis Terris"
= ; [NL4A, #336a]
Pontia feronia Stephens, 1828; , TL: USA,New England
= ; [NL4A, #336a]
Papilio albusta Sepp, [1851]; , TL: Surinam
= ; [NL4A, #336a]
var. crameri Holland, 1931; , TL: "China"
= ; [NL4A, #336a]
monusta ; Cramer, 1777, (missp.)
Ascia monuste monuste ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 155; [NL4A, #336a]
A. m. phileta (Fabricius, 1775)
Papilio phileta Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 471
Pieris cleomes Boisduval & Le Conte, [1830]; , TL: Georgia; Virginia; Florida
= ; [NL4A, #336e]
Ascia monuste phileta, Butterflies of America [BOA]
 Pontia monuste phileta ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 5
Ascia monuste phileta ; [NACL, #4198a]
cleones ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 5 (missp.?)
Ascia monuste phileta ; [NL4A, #336e]
A. m. virginia (Godart, 1819)
West Indies, St. Vincent monuste virginia (Godart, 1819) (Pieris); , TL: [St. Vincent]
Mylothris hemithea Geyer, 1832; , TL: "S. Amer."
= ; [NL4A, #336h]
Ascia monuste virginia, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
 Ascia monuste virginia ; [NL4A, #336h]
A. m. eubotea (Godart, 1819)
Cuba Pieris evonima Boisduval, 1836; , TL: Cuba
= ; [NL4A, #336c]
Pieris vallei Boisduval, 1836; , TL: Cuba
= ; [NL4A, #336c]
Pieris joppe Boisduval, 1836; , TL: Cuba
= ; [NL4A, #336c]
Ascia monuste eubotea, Butterflies of America [BOA]
 Ascia monuste evonima ;
Ascia monuste eubotea ; [NL4A, #336c]
A. m. orseis (Godart, 1819)
Brazil, Argentina monuste orseis (Godart, 1819) (Pieris); , TL: Brazil
Mylothris hippomonuste Hübner, [1819]
= ; [NL4A, #336d]
Pieris phileta f. disjuncta Breyer, 1939; , TL: Argentina
= ; [NL4A, #336d]
Ascia monuste orseis ; [NL4A, #336d]
A. m. suasa (Boisduval, 1836)
Peru monuste suasa (Boisduval, 1836) (Pieris); , TL: "Chile"
ab. joannisi Dufrane, 1947; , TL: Peru
= ; [NL4A, #336g]
Ascia monuste suasa ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 31, pl. 48, f. 2; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #336g]
A. m. automate (Burmeister, 1878)
Argentina monuste automate (Burmeister, 1878) (Pieris); , TL: Argentina
Pieris monuste f. marmorata Jörgensen, 1916; , TL: Argentina
= ; [NL4A, #336b]
Pieris phileta automate f. pura Hayward, 1932; , TL: Argentina
= ; [NL4A, #336b]
Pieris phileta automate f. obscura Hayward, 1932; , TL: Argentina
= ; [NL4A, #336b]
Pieris phileta f. juri Hayward, 1932; , TL: Argentina
= ; [NL4A, #336b]
Ascia monuste automate ; [NL4A, #336b]
A. m. raza Klots, 1930
Baja California Sur Ascia monuste raza Klots, 1930; , TL: Mexico, Baja California Sur
Ascia monuste raza, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Ascia monuste raza, Butterflies of America [BOA]
 Ascia monuste raza ; [NACL, #4198b]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 30, pl. 48, f. 1; [NL4A, #336f]

16.2.2008 (1)

References:
[About maps]
Warning! The maps are automaticly generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.
[BAMONA]
Paul Opler, Harry Pavulaan, Ray Stanford, Michael Pogue; Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
[BCA]
electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[BCR]
DeVries, Philip J.; The Butterflies of Costa Rica; Vol. I: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae
[BOA]
Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
[BOW]
Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X
[Bruce Walsh]
Bruce Walsh; e-mail: Bruce Walsh; The Moths of Southeastern Arizona; Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon
[EBW]
Smart, Paul, 1976; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World; ISBN 0 600 31381 6
[EcuL]
Tommaso & Luigi Racheli, 2001; An annotated list of Ecuadorian Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae); Fragmenta entomologica 33 (2): 213-380
[Heiner Ziegler]
Switzerland / Schweiz; www.pieris.ch
[ILMB]
Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies
[JLS]
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles
[LAMAS-NEO]
Gerardo Lamas; Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[NAB]
Pyle, R. M.; National Audubon Society: Field Guide to North American Butterflies; 1981; ISBN 0-394-51914-0
[NACL]
Hodges, Ronald W. (ed.), 1983; Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico
[NL4A]
Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea
[Opler]
Opler & Warren, 2003 (April); Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.
[Pierre Zagatti]
WWW pages; Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of the French Antilles; e-mail: Pierre Zagatti

Some related literature:
Brown & Mielke, 1967
Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera (continued) J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 145-168
Butler & Druce, 1874
List of the butterflies of Costa Rica, with descriptions of new species Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1874 (3): 330-370
Dyar, 1903
A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: xix, 723pp
Fabricius, 1775
Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Syst. Ent.: 832pp
Godman & Salvin, [1889]; Godman & Salvin, [1901]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782, 3: pl. 1-112
Linnaeus, 1764
Museum S'ae R'ae M'tis Ludovicae Ulricae Reginae Svecorum, Gothorum, Vandalorumque Mus. Lud. Ulr.: vi + 720 + [2]
Scopoli, 1777
Introductio ad Historiam naturalem sisteus Genera Lapidum, Plantarum et ANimalium detecta, Characteribus -- in tribus divisa, subinde ad Leges Naturae Introd. Hist. nat.: [x], 3-506 + [34 pp.]
Winhard, 2000
Pieridae I Butterflies of the world, 10: (1) 40pp, (2) 48pls

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxononic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.