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Goto:

Appias Hübner, [1819]

Puffins and Albatrosses
Appias Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 91, TS: Papilio zelmira Stoll
Catophaga Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 93, TS: Papilio paulina Cramer
Hiposcritia Geyer, [1832]; in Hübner, Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : 16, : pl. [113] (1826), f. 651-652, TS: Hiposcritia pandione Geyer
Trigonia Geyer, [1837]; in Hübner, Zuträge. Samml. exot. Schmett. 5 : 21, 35 (preocc. Trigonia Bruguière, 1789), TS: Papilio nero Fabricius
Tachyris Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4: 361, TS: Papilio hero Fabricius
Andopodum Scudder, 1875; (preocc. Hübner, 1822)

= Glutophrissa ; [NL4A, 113]

Glutophrissa Butler, 1887; Ent. mon. Mag. 23: 249, TS: Appias poeyi Butler
Lade de Nicéville, 1898; J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 12 (1): 153, TS: Appias lalassis Grose-Smith
Appias, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Appias, Pieridae Holarcticae [Heiner Ziegler]
Appius ; F. M. Brown, 1942, (missp.)
Appias ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25
Appias (Appiadina) ; [AfrL]
Glutophrissa (Pierini) ; [NL4A, 113]

Appias libythea (Fabricius, 1775)

Ceylon, India, Burma. See [About maps] Striped Albatross
Papilio libythea Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 471, no. 120
Appias libythea ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 6, 12]; [BOR, 154]; [MRS, 240]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 1

769x514 (~99Kb) upperside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko

769x513 (~76Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko

Larva on Crateva religiosa, Capparis sepiaria, C. roxburghii, C. horrida [MRS]

A. l. libythea

Ceylon, S.India, W.India - Saurashtra, Simla, Delhi - Bengal Appias libythea libythea ; [BOR, 154]
Appias libythea r. libythea ; [BIR, 427]

A. l. peducaea Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines libythea peducaea Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 148 (11 February, 1910)
Appias libythea peducaea ; [BOR, 154]

Appias olferna Swinhoe, 1890

Bengal - Assam, Burma, Laos, Vietnam. See [About maps] Appias olferna Swinhoe, 1890; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5 (29): 358, TL: Upper Bengal
Papilio zelmira Stoll, [1780]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 64, pl. 320, f. C, D, TL: India
Appias irvini Swinhoe, 1890; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5: 359, TL: Burma
Appias libythea f. sopara Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 147 (11 February, 1910), TL: Siam; Assam
Appias olferna olferna, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
libythea r. olferna ; [BIR, 427]
Appias libythea olferna ; [BOR, 154]; [MRS, 240]; [BMP: 90, pl. 8, f. 14-15]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 2-3
Appias libythea zelmira ; [MRS, 240]

685x541 (~96Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, a vasting land with open tree stand behind the Jomtien beach, 1st February, 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	446x577 (~69Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, a vasting land with open tree stand behind the Jomtien beach, 1st February, 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1123x1239 (~174Kb) male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
1261x1032 (~203Kb) male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	851x812 (~75Kb) underside male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien beach, a wasting land behind Jomtien Holiday Hotel, 2nd January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	585x827 (~66Kb) Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, a grove edge at a vasting land behind the Jomtien beach, 1th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Appias lyncida (Cramer, [1777])

S.India, Sikkim - Assam, Burma, Lucknow, Orissa, Ceylon. See [About maps] Chocolate Albatross
Papilio lyncida Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 52, pl. 121, f. B, TL: Java
Appias lyncida ; [BIR, 428]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 13]; [EBW]; [BOR, 154]; [MRS, 240]

Larva on Crataeva religiosa, Capparis roxburghii, Capparis heyneana [MRS]

A. l. lyncida

Java, Balia, Bawean ?icilia Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149 (11 February, 1910)
Appias lyncida lyncida ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. hippona Fruhstorfer, 1910²

NE.Sumatra lyncida hippona Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 148 (11 February, 1910)
Appias lyncida hippona ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. enarete Boisduval²

Borneo Appias lyncida enarete ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. latifasciata Moore²

S.India Appias lyncida latifasciata ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. taprobana Moore, 1879²

Ceylon Appias lyncida taprobana ; [BOR, 154]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 40, f. 16-17

A. l. nicobarica Moore²

Nicobars Appias lyncida nicobarica ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. purana Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Enggano lyncida purana Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149 (11 February, 1910)
Appias lyncida purana ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. vasava Fruhstorfer, 1910

Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore Appias lyncida vasava Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9(48) : 149 (11 February, 1910), , TL: Malaysia; Thailand
Appias lyncida vasava, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias lyncida vasava ; [BOR, 154]; [BMP: 89, pl. 8, f. 10-11]; [MRS, 240]

Larva on Crateva religiosa, Capparis micracantha [BMP]

A. l. enaretina (Fruhstorfer, 1900)

Philippinens (Palawan, Balabac) lyncida enaretina (Fruhstorfer, 1900) (Tachyris); Berl. ent. Zs. 45 (1/2): 31 (early August)
Appias lyncida enaretina ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. andrea (Eschscholtz, 1821)

Philippinens (Luzon, Mindoro) lyncida andrea (Eschscholtz, 1821) (Colias); in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 215, pl. 10, f. 23a-b
Appias lyncida andrea ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. lepidana Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippinens (Panay, Guimaros, Negros) lyncida lepidana Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149 (11 February, 1910)
Appias lyncida lepidana ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. eleonora (Boisduval, 1836)

Thailand, Indochina Pieris eleonora Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 481, TL: "Amboina" [error? Assam or Burma?]
Appias vacans Butler, 1870; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1870 (4): 490, TL: Sikkim
Appias hippoides Moore, 1881; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 29 (3): 312, TL: NE.Bengal
Appias hippoides var. epicoena Swinhoe, 1889; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1889 (4): 398
?Appias hippo Bingham, 1907
Appias lyncida hippoides f. lurida Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149 (11 February, 1910), TL: Siam; Annam
Appias lyncida eleonora, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias lyncida eleonora ; [MRS, 240]
Appias lyncida hippoides ; [BOR, 154]

711x536 (~89Kb) Thailand, Chantaburi Province, Khao-Khitchakut National Park, a river valley in an evergreen forest above the Krating Waterfalls. 30th January 2005, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

A. l. formosana (Wallace, 1866)

Taiwan Appias lyncida formosana ; BOR, 154; [MRS, 240]

Larva on Crateva religiosa, C. adansonii, Capparis sikkimensis, C. micracantha [MRS]

A. l. inornata Moore, 1878

Hainan, ?S.China Appias inornata Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 700, TL: Hainan
Appias lyncida inornata ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. papissa Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Sumbawa lyncida papissa Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149 (11 February, 1910)
Appias lyncida papissa ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. floresiana (Butler, 1898)

?Sumba, Flores - Alor lyncida floresiana (Butler, 1898) (Tachyris); Ann. Mag. nat. Hist (7) 2: 465
Appias lyncida floresiana ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. lycaste (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

S.Sulawesi lyncida lycaste (C. & R. Felder, [1865]) (Pieris); Reise Fregatte Novara, Lep. Rhop. (2): 164
Appias lyncida lycaste ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. gellia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

N.Sulawesi, C.Sulawesi lyncida gellia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149 (11 February, 1910), pl. 58 (1910), f. f
Appias lyncida gellia ; [BOR, 154]

A. l. lutatia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Tanahdjampea lyncida lutatia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 149 (11 February, 1910)
Appias lyncida lutatia ; [BOR, 154]

Appias nero (Fabricius, 1793)

Sikkim - Burma, Assam. See [About maps] Orange Albatross
Papilio nero Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 153, no. 471
?baweanicus (Fruhstorfer, 1905) (Tachyris); Ent. Zs. 19 (9): [?] 45, pl. 2, f. 1
Appias nero, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Appias nero ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 16]; [BOR, 158]; [MRS, 243]

Larva on Capparidaceae [EOB]

A. n. nero

Java, Bali Appias nero nero ; [BOR, 158]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 11

A. n. palawanica Staudinger, 1899²

Palawan nero palawanica Staudinger, 1899²; Iris 11 [?]: 22
Appias nero palawanica ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. flavius Grose-Smith, 1892²

Taganac Is. nero flavius Grose-Smith, 1892²; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 10: 427
Appias nero flavius ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. zamboanga (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

Philippines (Mindanao) nero zamboanga (C. & R. Felder, 1862) (Pieris); Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9): 285
Appias nero zamboanga ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. soranus Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Cebu) nero soranus Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 151 (11 February, 1910)
Appias nero soranus[?] ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. domitia (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

Philippines (Luzon) Appias nero domitia ; [BOR, 158]; [MRS, 243]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 15

A. n. tibericus (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Philippines (Basilan) nero tibericus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Tachyris); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 151 (11 February, 1910), pl. 60 (1910) f. f
Appias nero tibericus ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. zarinda (Boisduval, [1836])

Sulawesi nero zarinda (Boisduval, [1836]) (Pieris); Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 486, pl. 18, f. 4
Appias zarinda ;
Appias nero zarinda ; [BOR, 158]
Appias zarinda zarinda ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 14

A. n. phestus Westwood, 1888²

Talisei I. nero phestus Westwood, 1888²; Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. 1888: 469
Appias nero phestus ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. acuminata Snellen, 1890²

Tanahdjampea nero acuminata Snellen, 1890²; Tijdschr. Ent. 33: 273
Appias nero acuminata ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. sulana Fruhstorfer, 1899²

Sula Is. nero sulana Fruhstorfer, 1899²; Berl. ent. Z.: 74 [? wrong page]
Appias nero sulana ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. yamazakii Sonan, 1936²

Taiwan nero yamazakii Sonan, 1936²; Zephyrus 6: 295
Appias nero yamazakii ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. hainanensis (Fruhstorfer, 1902)

Hainan nero hainanensis (Fruhstorfer, 1902); Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1): 178
Appias nero hainanensis ; [MRS, 243]; [BOR, 158]

A. n. galba (Wallace, 1867)

N.India, Sikkim - N.Vietnam, S.Yunnan Tachyris galba Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 378, TL: N.India
Appias nebo Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1894; Rhop. exot. 2: f. 1-2, TL: Burma
Appias nero galba, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias nero galba ; [BOR, 158]; [MRS, 243]
Appias galba galba ; [Torben B. Larsen]

A. n. figulina (Butler, 1867)

S.Burma, Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore, Sumatra Pieris nero figulina Butler, 1867; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (3) 20 (120): 399, pl. 8, f. 1, TL: Singapore
Appias nero figulina, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias nero figulina ; [BOR, 158]; [BMP: 90, pl. 8, f. 12-13]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 12

A. n. ramosa (Fruhstorfer, 1898)

Nias nero ramosa (Fruhstorfer, 1898) (Catophaca); Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (3/4): 328
Appias nero ramosa ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. neronis Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Kangean nero neronis Fruhstorfer, 1910²; Soc. ent. 28[?]: 17 [?]
Appias nero neronis ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. baweana Fruhstorfer²

Bawean Appias nero baweana ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. pulonus (Fruhstorfer, 1906)

Pulautelo (Batu Is.) nero pulonus (Fruhstorfer, 1906) (Tachyris); [?] Ent. Zs. 20: 190 [?]
Appias nero pulonus ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. chelidon Fruhstorfer, 1905²

Borneo nero chelidon Fruhstorfer, 1905²; [?] D. Ent. Zeit.: 47 [?]
Appias nero chelidon ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. bouruensis (Wallace, 1867)

Buru, Ambon, Serang nero bouruensis (Wallace, 1867) (Tachyris); Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 379
Appias nero bouruensis ; [BAUR, 157]

Appias celestina (Boisduval, 1832)

New Guinea, Australia. See [About maps] Common Migrant
Pieris celestina Boisduval, 1832; in d'Urville, Voy. Astrolabe (Faune ent. Pacif.), 1: 46
Appias celestina, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Appias celestina ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 7, 11]

A. c. celestina

Waigeu Appias celestina celestina ; [BAUR, 157]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 7, 10

A. c. barea Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Aru, Kai celestina barea Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 151 (11 February, 1910)
Appias celestina barea ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. c. delicata Butler²

New Britain eumelis Boisduval, 1832²; in d'Urville, Voy. Astrolabe (Faune ent. Pacif.), 1: 50
Appias celestina delicata ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. c. galerus Fruhstorfer, 1910²

West Irian - Papua celestina galerus Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 151 (11 February, 1910), pl. 61 (1910), e
?galerus ?Boisduval
Appias celestina galerus ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

Appias indra (Moore, 1857)

Ceylon, S.India, Nepal - Assam, Burma. See [About maps] Plain Puffin
Pieris indra Moore, 1857; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1857 (333): 103
?Pieris indra Moore, [1858]; in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (1): 74, TL: Darjeelling, India
Appias indra indra, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias indra ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 8]; [BOR, 160]; [MRS, 240]

A. i. indra

N.India, Nepal, Sikkim - Burma Appias mahana Moore, 1877; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115): 48, TL: Darjeeling
Pieris colimba Moore, [1866]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865 (3): 759
Hyposcritia imbecilis Moore, 1884; J. asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt II, 53 (1): 46, TL: Silhet, Assam
Tachyris indigis Weymer, 1887; Stettin. ent. Ztg. 48: 11, TL: N.India
Appias indra indra ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. shiva Swinhoe²

S.India Appias indra shiva ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. narenda Moore²

Ceylon Appias indra narenda ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. thronion Fruhstorfer, 1910

Thailand, Indo-China, S.Yunnan Appias indra thronion Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154 (2 April, 1910), TL: Thailand
Appias indra thronion, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias indra thronion ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. plana Butler, [1879]

Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi Is., Sumatra Appias indra plana Butler, [1879]; Trans. linn. Soc. Lond. (2) 1 (8): 551, TL: Malaysia
Appias indra plana, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias indra plana ; [BOR, 160]; [BMP: 91, pl. 9, f. 1]

A. i. menandrus Fruhstorfer, 1910

Hainan, ?S.China Appias indra menandrus Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153 (2 April, 1910), TL: Hainan
Appias indra menandrus ; [BOR, 160]; [MRS, 240]

A. i. aristoxemus Fruhstorfer, 1908

Taiwan Appias indra aristoxemus Fruhstorfer, 1908; Ent. Wochenbl. 25 (9): 37 (27 February)
Appias indra aristoxemus ; [MRS, 240]; [BOR, 160]

Larva on Drypetes littoralis, D. hieranensis [MRS]

A. i. treadawayi Schröder²

Philippines (NW.Mindanao) Appias indra treadawayi ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. lucasi Wallengren²

W.Java Appias indra lucasi ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. leptis (Felder)

C.Java, E.Java ?balinus Fruhstorfer
Appias indra leptis ; [BOR, 160]

A. i. aemilia Fruhstorfer, 1910

Borneo Appias leptis aemilia Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 157 (2 April, 1910), TL: Borneo
Appias indra aemilia ; [BOR, 161]

A. i. vadus (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Lombok indra vadus (Fruhstorfer, 1910) (Tachyris); in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 157 (2 April, 1910), pl. 59 (1910), d
Appias indra vadus ; [BOR, 161]

A. i. massilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Palawan) indra massilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 157 (2 April, 1910), pl. 59 (1910), d
Appias indra massilia ; [BOR, 161]

A. i. festrada Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Nias indra festrada Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 157 (2 April, 1910), pl. 59 (1910), c
Appias indra festrada ; [BOR, 161]

A. i. statilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

indra statilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153 (2 April, 1910), pl. 59 (1910), d
Appias indra statilia ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 4

Appias pandione (Geyer, [1832])

-. See [About maps] Hiposcritia pandione Geyer, [1832]; in Hübner, Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : 16, : pl. [113] (1826), f. 651-652
Appias pandione ; [EBW]
?Appias pandrone[sic?] Hübner²; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 17]
Appias pandione ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. pandione

Java Appias pandione pandione ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. ozolia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Sumatra pandione ozolia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153 (2 April, 1910), pl. 59 (1910), e
Appias pandione ozolia ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. whiteheadi Grose-Smith²

N.Borneo Appias pandione whiteheadi ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. lagela (Moore, [1879])

S.Burma - Peninsular Malaya Catophaga lagela Moore, [1879]; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4): 838, pl. 52, f. 4, TL: Tenasserim, S.Myanmar
Appias aornus Fruhstorfer, 1913; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 27 (3): 135, TL: Malaysia
Appias pandione lagela, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias pandione lagela ; [BMP: 91, pl. 9, f. 2]; [BOR, 161]; [BMP: 91, pl. 9, f. 2]

A. p. montana Rothschild²

Philippines (Negros) Appias pandione montana ; [BOR, 161]

A. p. zamorra Felder²

Philippines (Mindoro) Appias pandione zamorra ; [BOR, 161]

Appias phoebe (C. & R. Felder, 1861)

Philippines (Luzon). See [About maps] Pieris phoebe C. & R. Felder, 1861; Wien. net. Monats. 5: 229
Appias pandione phoebe ; [BOR, 161]
Appias phoebe phoebe ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 1-2

Appias melania (Fabricius, 1775)

Sikkim - W.China - Australia. See [About maps] Grey Albatross
Papilio melania Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 475
Tachyris asteria Miskin, 1889
Tachyris cerussa Fruhstorfer, 1904
Appias melania, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Appias melania ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 14]; [BAUR, 157]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 8

A. m. sosias Fruhstorfer, 1913

New Guinea? Appias melania sosias Fruhstorfer, 1913; Ent. Rundschau 30 (23): 133

Appias paulina (Cramer, [1777])

Ceylon, AU, Japan. See [About maps] Ceylon Lesser Albatross
Papilio paulina Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 21, pl. 110, f. E, F
Pieris capparidis Swainson, 1851; (nomen nudum)
Appias paulina, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Appias paulina ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 19]; [MRS, 239]

940x806 (~85Kb) underside female Thailand, Chanthaburi Province, Khao-Khitchakut National Park, a sandy bed of the Krating rivulet among the tropical forest above the waterfalls. 5th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1115x1086 (~146Kb) male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya environs, Ko Lan island, ruderal vegeation at a roadside. 15th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1120x1042 (~144Kb) male Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya environs, Ko Lan island, ruderal vegeation at a roadside. 15th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
951x624 (~38Kb) female Oppadake, Okinawa, Ryukyus, Japan, 8-93, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt	951x624 (~50Kb) male Funaura, Iriomote, Ryukyus, Japan, 5-95, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt

Larva on Drypetes australasica K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

A. p. galene Felder²

Ceylon Appias paulina galene ; [BOR, 156]

A. p. distanti (Moore, [1905])

Catophaga paulina distanti Moore, [1905]; Lepidoptera Indica, 7 (73): 14
Appias paulina distanti, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias paulina distanti ; [BMP: 90, pl. 8, f. 21-22]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 5

A. p. griseoides Moulton, 1923

S.Vietnam Appias paulina griseoides Moulton, 1923; J. Nat. Hist. Soc. Siam. 6 (1): 133, TL: Pulo Condore
Appias paulina griseoides, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]

A. p. grisea Moulton, 1923

Appias paulina grisea Moulton, 1923; J. Malay. Brch. R. Asiat. Soc. 1 (1): 234

A. p. galathea Felder²

Andamans, Nicobars Appias paulina galathea ; [BOR, 156]

A. p. minato (Fruhstorfer, [1899])

Japan, Taiwan Appias paulina minato ; [BOR, 156]; [MRS, 239]

A. p. ega (Boisduval, 1836)

Northern Territory - Cape York Common Albatross
Pieris ega Boisduval, 1836
Appias paulina ega ; [BAUR, 156]

A. p. paula Röber²

Wetar Appias paulina paula ; [BAUR, 156 (text)]

A. p. eurosundana Grose-Smith²

Timor Appias paulina eurosundana ; [BAUR, 156 (text)]

A. p. zoe Vollenhoven²

Moluccas Appias paulina zoe ; [BAUR, 156 (text)]

A. p. falcidia Joicey & Noakes²

Biak Appias paulina falcidia ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. p. saina Grose-Smith²

West Irian - Papua Appias paulina saina ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

A. p. cynisca Wallace²

Buru antomae Fruhstorfer²
Appias paulina cynisca ; [BAUR, 157 (text)]

Appias sylvia (Fabricius, 1775)

Guinea - W.Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia. See [About maps] Wooldland White Albatross
Papilio sylvia Fabricius, 1775
Appias sylvia ; [EBW]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia ; [AfrL]

Larva on Drypetes, Phyllanthus [BK]

A. s. sylvia

Sierra Leone - Nigeria, Cameroun, N.Zaire Appias sylvia sylvia ; [BAFR, 92]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia sylvia ; [AfrL]

A. s. abyssinica Talbot, 1932

SW.Ethiopia Appias sylvia abyssinica ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia abyssinica ; [AfrL]

A. s. canisia Hulstaert²

Lower Zaire, N.Angola Appias sylvia canisia ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]

A. s. nyasana (Butler, 1897)

SE.Zaire, NE.Angola, Zambia, Tanzania, Malawi luvuensis Joicey & Talbot, 1926²
Appias sylvia nyasana ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 12
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia nyasana ; [AfrL]

A. s. sudanensis Talbot, 1932

S.Sudan Appias sylvia sudanensis ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia sudanensis ; [AfrL]

A. s. ugandensis Bernardi²

Uganda, W.Kenya Appias sylvia ugandensis ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; [BK, 145]

A. s. zairiensis Berger, 1981

Appias sylvia zairiensis ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 11
Appias (Glutophrissa) sylvia zairiensis ; [AfrL]

Appias drusilla (Cramer, [1777])

S.USA, CA, SA, West Indies. See [About maps] Florida White Tropical White
Papilio drusilla Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 21, pl. 110, f. C, TL: "Batavia" [error]
Appias drusilla, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Appias drusilla ; [NACL, #4190]; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 28, f. 14]; [Opler]
Glutophrissa drusilla ; [NL4A, #267]

526x556 (~33Kb) male Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

500x401 (~70Kb) underside Venezuela, Parai Tepui near Mount Roraima in the Gran Sabana, July 2002, Photo © Simon Coombes

Larva on Capparis, Drypetes laterifolia [NAB]

A. d. drusilla

Peru, Brazil(Rio de Janeiro, Rondônia), Argentina Pieris ilaire Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 142, TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Pieris mysia Godart, 1819; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 145, TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Mylothris margarita Hübner, [1819]; (nom. nud.)

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Papilio albunea Dalman, 1823; , TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Mylothris molpadia Hübner, [1823]; Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : 15, : pl. [45] (1819 - 1821), f. 259-260, TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Mylothris margarita Hübner, [1825]; Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. [120]

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Tachyris janeira Bönninghausen, 1896; , TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

f. nana d'Almeida, 1913; , TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

var. augustiniana Fernández, 1928; , TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Daptonoura laria alba Ribeiro, 1931; , TL: Brazil, Rondônia

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

f. minima Breyer, 1939; , TL: Argentina

= ; [NL4A, #267a]

Appias margarita ; Butler, 1872
Pieris margarita ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 135
molpodia ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 5 (missp.)
Tachyris margarita ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 5
Appias drusilla drusilla ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 155
Glutophrissa drusilla drusilla ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #267a]

A. d. castalia (Fabricius, 1793)

Jamaica Papilio castalia Fabricius, 1793; Ent. Syst. 3 (1): 188, TL: "India"
Glutophrissa drusilla jacksoni Kaye, 1920; , TL: Jamaica

= ; [NL4A, #267c]

?Kricogonia castalia ; [EBW]
Glutophrissa drusilla castalia ; [NL4A, #267c]

A. d. poeyi (Butler, 1872)

Cuba Appias poeyi Butler, 1872; Cistula ent. 1: 49, TL: Cuba
Appias janeira f. peregrina Röber, 1909; , TL: Cuba

= ; [NL4A, #267g]

f. minor Dufrane, 1947; , TL: Cuba

= ; [NL4A, #267g]

Appias drusilla poeyi, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
Appias drusilla poeyi ; [NACL, #4190a]
Glutophrissa drusilla poeyi ; [NL4A, #267g]

A. d. neumoegenii (Skinner, 1894)

Florida Tachyris drusilla neumoegenii Skinner, 1894; , TL: Florida
Appias drusilla ab. hollandi Röber, 1908; , TL: [Florida]

= ; [NL4A, #267f]

Tachyris margarita neumoegenii ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 5
Appias drusilla neumoegenii ; [NACL, #4190b]
Glutophrissa drusilla neumoegenii ; [NL4A, #267f]

A. d. monomorpha Hall, 1936

Grenada drusilla monomorpha Hall, 1936; , TL: Grenada
Glutophrissa drusilla monomorpha ; [NL4A, #267e]

A. d. boydi Comstock, 1943

Dominican Republic (Glutophrissa) drusilla boydi Comstock, 1943; , TL: Domincan Repuplic
Appias drusilla boydi, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
Glutophrissa drusilla boydi ; [NL4A, #267b]

A. d. comstocki Dillon, 1947

Dominica (Glutophrissa) drusilla comstocki Dillon, 1947; , TL: Dominica
Appias drusilla comstocki, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
Glutophrissa drusilla comstocki ; [NL4A, #267d]

A. d. tenuis Lamas, 1981

Peru drusilla tenuis Lamas, 1981; , TL: Tumbes, Matapalo, La Totora 100m
drusilla tenuis Lamas, 1981; , TL: Peru
Glutophrissa drusilla tenuis, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Glutophrissa drusilla tenuis, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Glutophrissa drusilla tenuis ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #267h]

Appias ada (Stoll, [1781])

Moluccas, New Guinea, Australia. See [About maps] Rare Albatross
Papilio ada Stoll, [1781]
Appias caria Waterhouse & Lyell, 1914
Appias ada, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Appias ada ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 1]; [BAUR, 157 (text)]
Appias ada ada ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 40, f. 15

Larva on Crateva religiosa K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

Appias albina (Boisduval, 1836)

S.India - Sikkim, Ceylon, Burma, Australia. See [About maps] Common Albatross White Albatross
Pieris albina Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 480, TL: Ambon
Appias albina, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Appias albina ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 4]; [MRS, 239]

Larva on Crateva spp. [MRS]

A. a. albina

India - Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Thailand, Indo-China, Indonesia, Borneo, Moluccas, Timor Appias albina albina ; [BOR, 156]; [BAUR, 156 (text)]; [BMP: 90, pl. 8, f. 19-20]

Larva on Capparis heyneana [BMP]

A. a. darada (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

Sikkim - Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Hainan, W.China, Andamans, Nicobars Pieris darada C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Lep. Rhop. (2): 166, TL: Silhet
Appias albina darada, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
?Appias paulina darada ; [MRS, 239]

1179x1190 (~154Kb) underside female Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

1164x1066 (~273Kb) underside male Thailand, Chanthaburi Province, Khao-Khitchakut National Park, a sandy bed of the Krating rivulet among the tropical forest above the waterfalls. 5th January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

A. a. venusta Moore²

Ceylon Appias albina? venusta ; [BOR, 156]

A. a. semperi Moore, [1905]

Taiwan, Philippines (Luzon) Appias albina semperi ; [BOR, 156]; [MRS, 239]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 9

A. a. agatha Staudinger²

Philippinens (Palawan) Appias albina agatha ; [BOR, 156]

A. a. confusa Fruhstorfer, 1910

Appias albina confusa Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154 (2 April, 1910), pl. 60d, TL: Sikkim; Assam; Siam; Tonkin
Appias albina confusa f. principalis Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154 (2 April, 1910)
Appias albina confusa f. semiflava Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 154 (2 April, 1910)
albina f. semiflava ; [BIR, 429 (female)]
Appias albina confusa ; [MRS, 239]

A. a. f. flava

albina f. flava ; [BIR, 429 (female)]

A. a. pulverobasalis Joicey & Noakes²

Biak Appias albina pulverobasalis ; [BAUR, 156]

A. a. psyche Felder²

New Caledonia caledonica ?Felder
Appias albina psyche ; [BAUR, 156]

A. a. wallacei Butler²

New Hebrides Appias albina wallacei ; [BAUR, 156 (text)]

A. a. korridona Grose-Smith, 1894²

Appias albina korridona ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 6

Appias cardena (Hewitson, [1861])

-. See [About maps] Pieris cardena Hewitson, [1861]; Ill. exot. Butts 2 (37): [7], pl. 4 (Pieris 3)
Appias cardena ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 5]; [BOR, 156]

A. c. cardena

N.Borneo Appias cardena cardena ; [BOR, 156]

A. c. perakana (Fruhstorfer, 1902)

Peninsular Malaya, ?N.Sumatra Tachyris cardena perakana Fruhstorfer, 1902; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1): 175 (?171), TL: Perak, Malaysia
Appias cardena perakana, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias cardena perakana ; [BOR, 156]; [BMP: 91, pl. 8, f. 17-18]

A. c. hagar Vollenhoven²

Sumatra Appias cardena hagar ; [BOR, 156]

Appias epaphia (Cramer, [1779])

AF (south of Sahara). See [About maps] Diverse White African Albatross
Papilio epaphia Cramer, [1779]; , TL: Sierra Leone
Appias (Glutophrissa) epaphia ; [AfrL]

Larva on Capparis, Boscia, Niebuhria [EOB]

A. e. epaphia

Senegal - Zaire, W.Uganda (Bwamba Forest) Appias epaphia epaphia ; [BAFR, 93]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 4
Appias (Glutophrissa) epaphia epaphia ; [AfrL]

A. e. orbona (Boisduval, 1833)

E.Africa, S.Africa, Madagascar Pieris orbona Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid.: 18
Appias epaphia orbona ; [BK, 146]
Appias (Glutophrissa) epaphia orbona ; [MadL]; [AfrL]

Larva on Boscia caffra, Capparis sp. [PBSA], Maerua, Cleome [BK]

A. e. contracta (Butler, 1888)

Comoro Is. Appias epaphia contracta ; [BAFR, 93]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 5-6
Appias (Glutophrissa) epaphia contracta ; [AfrL]

Appias hombroni (Lucas, 1852)

Sulawesi. See [About maps] Pieris hombroni Lucas, 1852; Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (7): 325
Appias hombroni ; [BOR, 154]

A. h. hombroni

SW.Sulawesi (Palolo) Appias hombroni hombroni ; [BOR, 154]

A. h. tombugensis (Fruhstorfer, 1902)

E.Sulawesi hombroni tombugensis (Fruhstorfer, 1902) (Tachyris); Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1): 175
Appias hombroni tombugensis ; [BOR, 154]

A. h. sulanorum (Fruhstorfer, 1902)

Sula Is. hombroni sulanorum (Fruhstorfer, 1902) (Tachyris); Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1): 175 [?]
Appias hombroni sulanorum ; [BOR, 154]

Appias ithome C. & R. Felder, 1859²

Sulawesi. See [About maps] ithome C. & R. Felder, 1859²; Wien. ent. Monats. 3 (6): 180
Appias ithome ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 9]; [BOR, 158]

Appias lalage (Doubleday, 1842)

Simla - Burma, Assam. See [About maps] Spot Puffin
Pieris lalage Doubleday, 1842; in Gray, Zool. Miscell.: 76, TL: Khasi Hills
Appias lalage lalage, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias lalage ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 10]; [MRS, 242]

A. l. lalage

Assam - Upper Burma, Yunnan Catophaga pseudolalaga[sic?] Moore, 1879; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1): 142, TL: Sikkim
Hiposcritia argyridina Butler, 1885; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 16: 360, TL: Manipur
Appias lalage durvasa ab. confluens Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153 (2 April, 1910), TL: Sikkim
Appias lalage lalage ; [BOR, 160]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 41, f. 3

A. l. durvasa (Moore, [1858])

Nepal, Sikkim Pieris durvasa Moore, [1858]; in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (1): 73, TL: N.India
Appias lalage durvasa ; [BOR, 160]

A. l. mutina Fruhstorfer, 1910

N.Laos, N.Vietnam Appias lalage mutina Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 153 (2 April, 1910), pl. 59 (1910) c, TL: N.Vietnam
Appias lalage mutina ; [BOR, 160]

A. l. lageloides (Crowley)

Hainan Appias lalage lageloides ; [BOR, 160]; [MRS, 242]

Appias lalassis Grose-Smith, 1887

SE.Asia, Burma. See [About maps] Appias lalassis Grose-Smith, 1887; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 20: 265, TL: Myanmar
Appias lalassis, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias lalassis ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 10 (text)]; [BOR, 161]; [MRS, 242]

A. l. lalassis

S.Burma, Thailand, S.Yunnan Appias lalassis lalassis ; [BOR, 161]

A. l. indroides (Honrath, [1890])

Peninsular Malaya Pieris indroides Honrath, [1890]; Berl. ent. Z. 33 (2): 403, f. 1, TL: Perak, Malaysia
Appias lalassis indroides ; [BOR, 161]; [BMP: 91, pl. 8, f. 16]

Appias lasti (Grose-Smith, 1889)

Natal, Moçambique - Kenya. See [About maps] Last's Albatross
Appias (Glutophrissa) lasti ; [AfrL]

Larva on Drypetes, Phyllanthus, Ritchiea [BK]

A. l. lasti

E.Kenya (coastal forest), Tanzania, Mozambique Appias lasti lasti ; [BK, 146]; [BAFR, 93]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 40, f. 14
Appias (Glutophrissa) lasti lasti ; [AfrL]

A. l. natalensis Neustetter, 1927

Natal, Zululand?, S.Mozambigue Appias lasti natalensis ; [BAFR, 93 (text)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) lasti natalensis ; [AfrL]

Appias leis (Geyer, [1832])

Burma. See [About maps] Catophaga leis Geyer, [1832]; in Hübner, Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : f. 771-772 (1827 - 1831)
leis ; [BIR, 430 (just name mentioned)]

A. l. adamsoni (Moore, [1905])

Burma, Thailand, Indo-China Catophaga adamsoni Moore, [1905]; Lepidoptera Indica 7: 4, pl. 551, f. 2a-e, TL: Tenasserim, Burma
Appias melania pseudoleis Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 155 (2 April, 1910), pl. 61 (1910) a, TL: Thailand
Appias paulina adamsoni, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Appias paulina adamsoni ; [BOR, 156]
Appias leis adamsoni ; [Torben B. Larsen]

Appias nephele Hewitson, [1861]²

Philippines. See [About maps] nephele Hewitson, [1861]²; Ill. exot. Butts 2: f. 35
Appias nephele ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 15]; [BOR, 158]

A. n. nephele

Philippines (Luzon) Appias nephele nephele ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. dilutior Staudinger, 1889²

Palawan nephele dilutior Staudinger, 1889²; Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1): 21, TL: Palawan
Appias nephele dilutior ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 26, pl. 40, f. 18

A. n. elis Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Mindanao) nephele elis Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 152 (11 February, 1910)
Appias nephele elis ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. invitabilis Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Mindoro) nephele invitabilis Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 152 (11 February, 1910)
Appias nephele invitabilis ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. aufidia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Basilan) nephele aufidia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 152 (11 February, 1910)
Appias nephele aufidia ; [BOR, 158]

A. n. hostilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²

Philippines (Sulu Is.) nephele hostilia Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 152 (11 February, 1910)
Appias nephele hostilia ; [BOR, 158]

Appias phaola (Doubleday, 1847)

Liberia - Uganda, Ethiopia, S.Sudan, Malawi - Kenya, Fernando Po. See [About maps] Congo White Dirty Albatross
Appias (Glutophrissa) phaola ; [AfrL]

A. p. phaola

Ivory Coast - Cameroun Appias phaola phaola ; [BAFR, 92]
Appias (Glutophrissa) phaola phaola ; [AfrL]

A. p. intermedia Dufrane, 1948

Zaire, W.Tanzania Appias phaola intermedia ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 10
Appias (Glutophrissa) phaola intermedia ; [AfrL]

A. p. isokani (Grose-Smith, 1889)

NE.Tanzania, Kenya (coast) Appias phaola isokani ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; [BK, 145]
Appias (Glutophrissa) phaola isokani ; [AfrL]

Appias remedios Schroder & Treadaway, 1990

Philippines (Panay). See [About maps] Appias remedios Schroder & Treadaway, 1990; : 234
Appias remedios ; [BOR, 161]; [MRS, 242]

Appias sabina (C. & R. Felder, 1865)

AF (forested parts), Madagascar. See [About maps] Sabine Albatross
Pieris sabina C. & R. Felder, 1865
Appias sabina ; [BK, 146]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina ; [AfrL]

Larva on Drypetes, Phyllanthus, Ritchiea, Boscia [BK]

A. s. sabina

W.Uganda - Zaire, Nigeria, Sierra Leone Appias sabina sabina ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]; [BK, 146 (note)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina sabina ; [AfrL]

A. s. comorensis Talbot, 1943

Comoro Is. Appias sabina comorensis ; [BAFR, 92 (text)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina comorensis ; [AfrL]

A. s. confusa (Butler, 1872)

Magascar Belenois confusa Butler, 1872
Appias sabina confusa ; [BAFR, 92]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina confusa ; [MadL]; [AfrL]

A. s. udei Suffert, 1904

N.Kenya (Mt. Marsabit) - Malawi, E.Rhodesia (Chirinda) phoebe (Butler, 1900); Proc. zool. Soc. Lond.: 936, pl. 58, f. 6-7 (preocc. Pieris phoebe Felder, 1861)
Appias udei Suffert, 1904; Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17: 75
Appias sabina phoebe ; [BAFR, 92]; [BK, 146 (note)]
Appias (Glutophrissa) sabina phoebe ; [AfrL]
Appias sabina udei ; [PBSA]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 25, pl. 40, f. 7-9

Appias wardii (Moore, 1884)

S.India. See [About maps] Catophaga wardii Moore, 1884; J. asiat. Soc. Bengal 53: ?
wardi ; [BIR, 431]
Appias wardii ; [BOW: pl. 157, f. 20]

31.8.2008 (35)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automaticly generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[AfrL]

Mark C. Williams; Checklist of Afrotropical Papilionoidea and Hesperoidea; Compiled by Mark C. Williams, 7th ed. (2008) (April 2007); e-mail: Mark C. Williams

[BAFR]

D'Abrera, 1980; Butterflies of the Afrotropical Region

[BAMONA]

Paul Opler, Harry Pavulaan, Ray Stanford, Michael Pogue; Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node

[BAUR]

D'Abrera, 1977; Butterflies of the Australian Region (2nd edn)

[BCA]

electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA

[BIR]

Wynter-Blyth, M. A., 1957; Butterflies of the Indian Region; (1982 Reprint)

[BK]

Larsen, Torben B., 1996; The Butterflies of Kenya and their natural history

[BMP]

Eliot (Ed.), Corbet & Pendlebury, 1992; The Butterflies of The Malay Peninsula; 4th edition; ISBN 983-9681-05-2

[BOA]

Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America

[BOR]

D'Abrera, B., 1982, 1985, 1986; Butterflies of the Oriental Region, Part I-III

[BOW]

Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X

[Bruce Walsh]

Bruce Walsh; e-mail: Bruce Walsh; The Moths of Southeastern Arizona; Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon

[Don Herbison-Evans]

and Stella A. Crossley; Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans

[EBW]

Smart, Paul, 1976; The Illustrated Encyclopedia of the Butterfly World; ISBN 0 600 31381 6

[EOB]

Feltwell, J.; The Encyclopedia of Butterflies; Prentice Hall, 1993; ISBN 0-671-86828-4

[EcuL]

Tommaso & Luigi Racheli, 2001; An annotated list of Ecuadorian Butterflies (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae, Pieridae, Nymphalidae); Fragmenta entomologica 33 (2): 213-380

[HBN]

Francis Hemming, 1937; HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2

[Heiner Ziegler]

Switzerland / Schweiz; www.pieris.ch

[ILMB]

Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies

[JLS]

Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles

[John Shuey]

e-mail: jshuey at tnc.org; Director of Conservation Science; Indiana Office of The Nature Conservancy; http://www.nature.org

[LAMAS-2005]

Gerardo Lamas; Entomofauna 26 (6): 57-100; A Bibliography of the Zoological Publications of Hans Fruhstorfer (1886* - 1922+)

[LAMAS-NEO]

Gerardo Lamas; Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)

[MRS]

Chou Io (Ed.); Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2

[MadL]

Lees, D.C., Kremen, C. and Raharitsimba, H. 2003; in S.M. Goodman & J. P. Benstead (eds.), The Natural History of Madagascar; Classification, Diversity and Endemism of the Butterflies (Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea): A Revised Species Checklist: : pp. 762-793; University of Chicago Press. 1709 pp.

[NAB]

Pyle, R. M.; National Audubon Society: Field Guide to North American Butterflies; 1981; ISBN 0-394-51914-0

[NACL]

Hodges, Ronald W. (ed.), 1983; Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico

[NHM]

Natural History Museum; The Global Lepidoptera Names Index

[NL4A]

Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea

[Oleg Kosterin]

Institue of Cytology & Genetics; Siberian Division of Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk; e-mail: Oleg Kosterin; http://pisum.bionet.nsc.ru/kosterin/

[Olli Vesikko]

http://koti.welho.com/ovesikko/

[Opler]

Opler & Warren, 2003 (April); Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.

[PBSA]

Dickson, C.G.C (ed.), Kroon, D.M.; Pennington's Butterflies of Southern Africa; AD. DONKER 1978

[Pierre Zagatti]

WWW pages; Catalogue of the Lepidoptera of the French Antilles; e-mail: Pierre Zagatti

[S. Shuichi Haupt]

e-mail: S. Shuichi Haupt; http://www.tu-berlin.de/fb7/ioeb/biologie/stefan.htm

[Simon Coombes]

1 Park Street, Plymouth, PL3 4BL, UK; 01752 607854; e-mail: Simon Coombes; http://www.butterfly-guide.co.uk

[Wahlberg]

Niklas Wahlberg; The NSG's voucher specimen database; Nymphalidae Systematics Group

[Yutaka Inayoshi]

A Check List of Butterflies in Indo-China; Chiefly from THAILAND, LAOS & VIETNAM

[²]

This may require parentheses or not. I don't have the necessary information for this taxon.

Some related literature:

Boisduval, 1832

Voyage de découvertes de l'Astrolabe exécuté par ordre du Roi, pendant les années 1826-1827-1828-1829, sous le commandément de M. J. Dumont d'Urville. Faune entomologique de l'Océan Pacifique, avec l'illustration des insectes nouveaux recueillis pendant le voyage. Lépidoptères in d'Urville, Voy. Astrolabe (Faune ent. Pacif.), 1: 267pp, pl. 1-5

Boisduval, 1833

Faune Entomologique de Madagascar, Bourbon et Maurice. Lépidoptéres Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid.: 122pp, 16pls

Boisduval, 1836

Histoire Naturelle des insectes: Spécies général des lépidoptères Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 690pp, 24pls

Brown & Mielke, 1967

Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera (continued) J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 145-168

Butler, 1867

Description of new or little-known Species of Asiatic Lepidoptera Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (3) 20 (120): 399-405, pls 8, 9

Butler, 1870

Descriptions of some new diurnal Lepidoptera, chiefly Hesperiidae Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 1870 (4): 485-520

Butler, [1879]

The butterflies of Malacca Trans. linn. Soc. Lond. (2) 1 (8): 533-568, pl. 68, 69

Cramer, [1777]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 1-152, pl. 97-192 (1777)

de Nicéville, 1898

On new and little-known butterflies from the Indo-Malayan, Austro-Malayan and Australian Regions J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 12 (1): 131-161, 4 pls.

K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991

Review of Australian Butterflies: distribution, life history and taxonomy. Pushlished by authors, Melbourne Review Austr. Butts. (1-4):

Dyar, 1903

A List of North American Lepidoptera and Key to the Literature of this Order of Insects Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: xix, 723pp

Eschscholtz, 1821

Beschreibung neuer ausländischer Schmetterling in Kotzebue, Entdeck. Reise Süd-See 3 (App. 5): 201-219, 11pls

Fabricius, 1775

Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Syst. Ent.: 832pp

C. & R. Felder, 1859

Lepidopterologische Fragmente Wien. ent. Monats. 3 (6): 178-186, pl. 3-4, (9): 263-273, pl. 5, (11): 321-328, pl. 6, (12): 390-405, 413[?], pl. 7-9

C. & R. Felder, 1862

Lepidoptera nova a Dr. Carolo Semper in Insulis Philippinis collecta diagnosibus. (2) Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9): 282-294

C. & R. Felder, [1865]

Reise der Österreichischen Fregatte "Novara" - Zoolog. 2 (2). Lepidoptera 1. Rhopalocera Reise Fregatte Novara, Lep. Rhop. (2): Heft (2), 137-378, pl. 22-47

Fruhstorfer, 1897

Neue Rhopaloceren aus dem malayischen Archipel Ent. Nachr. 23 (4): 59-64 ([15] February)

Fruhstorfer, 1898

Neue Rhopaloceren aus dem Indo-malayischen Archipel Berl. Ent. Zs. 42 (3/4): 311-343 (mid July)

Fruhstorfer, 1900

Rhopalocera Bazilana. Verzeichniss der von W. DOHERTY auf der Insel Bazilan gesammelten Tagfalter Berl. ent. Zs. 45 (1/2): 1-38 (early August), 44 (3/4): pl. 2, f. 1-6 (1899)

Fruhstorfer, 1902

Neue Lepidopteren aus dem Indo-Malayischen Gebiet Dt. ent. Z. Iris 15 (1): 169-178 (early September)

Fruhstorfer, 1905

Neue Rhopaloceren aus dem Indo-Australischen Gebiet Ent. Zs. 19 (9): 45-47, f. 1-5 (1 June)

Fruhstorfer, 1908

Neue ostasiatische Rhopaloceren Ent. Wochenbl. 25 (9): 37-38 (27 February), (10): 41 (5 March)

Fruhstorfer, 1910

2. Familie: Pieridae, Weisslinge in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 119-120 (1909), 121-144 (14 January, 1910), 145-152 (11 February, 1910), 153-168 (2 April, 1910), 169-176 (4 April, 1910), 177-190 (20 May, 1910)

Fruhstorfer, 1913

Neue Indo-Australiche [sic] Rhopaloceren Dt. ent. Z. Iris 27 (3): 130-139 ([14 October])

Fruhstorfer, 1913

Neue Rhopaloceren Ent. Rundschau 30 (23): 133-134 (13 December)

Godman & Salvin, [1889]

Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782, 3: pl. 1-112

Grose-Smith, 1887

Descriptions of eight new Species of Asiatic Butterflies Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 20: 265-268

Hemming, 1967

Generic names of the butterflies and their type-species (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) Bull. Br. Mus. Nat. Hist. (Ent.), Suppl.: -

Hewitson, [1861]

Illustrations of new species of exoctic Butterflies selected chiefly from the collections of W. Wilson Saunders and William C. Hewitson (1857-1861) Ill. exot. Butts 2 (21): [31-32],[45-46],[55-56], pl. [16],[23],[28] (1857), (22): [47-48],[117-120], pl. [24],[59-60] (1857), (23): [51-52],[63-64],[79-80], pl. [26],[32],[40] (1857), (24): [15-16],[43-44],[99-100], pl. [8],[22],[50] (1857), (25): [25-26],[57-58],[115-116], pl. [13],[29],[58] (1858), (26): [1-2],[33-34],[101-102], pl. [1],[17],[51] (1858), (27): [17-18],[23-24],[85-86], pl. [9],[12],[43] (1858), (28): [59-62],[103-104], pl. [30-31],[52] (1858), (29): [65-68],[105-106], pl. [33-34],[53] (1859), (30): [3-4],[35-36],[53-54], pl. [2],[18],[27] (1859), (31): [41-42],[55-56],[107-108], pl. [21],[38],[54] (1859), (32): [73-74],[93-94],[109-110], pl. [37],[47],[55] (1859), (33): [81-84],[111-112], pl. [41-42],[56] (1859), (34): [71-72],[77-78],[95-96], pl. [36],[39],[48] (1860), (35): [27-28],[97-98],[113-114], pl. [14],[49],[57] (1860), (36): [19-22],[29-30], pl. [10-11],[15] (1860), (37): [7-8],[89-92], pl. [4],[45-46] (1861), (38): [9-12],[37-38], pl. [5-6],[19] (1861), (39): [5-6],[39-40],[87-88], pl. [3],[20],[44] (1861), (40): [13-14],[49-50],[69-70],[121-124], pl. [7],[25],[35] (1861)

Honrath, [1890]

Neue Rhopalocera (9) Berl. ent. Z. 33 (2): 403-404, 1 fig.

Hübner, [1825]

Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge, Vol. 2 ([1819] - [1827]) Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : pl. [90], [180], [223] (1819), pl. [2], [12], [16], [78], [141], [182] (1820), pl. [11], [13], [24], [77], [83], [97], [102-103], [108-109], [116-117], [122], [147], [150], [164], [183], [195], [197], [212-214] (1821), pl. [14], [18-19], [26], [38-39], [43], [68], [70-71], [74], [84], [86], [92], [94-95], [106], [114], [121], [161], [169], [174], [177-178], [184], [194], [200], [204-205], [207-208], [210] (1821), pl. [33], [72], [76], [115], [131], [138-139], [153], [198], [211], [218], [220] (1822), pl. [32], [75], [81], [93], [105], [129] (1822), pl. [1], [6], [22-23], [25], [27], [29-31], [34-37], [40-42], [48], [50-53], [56], [58-59], [64-66], [69], [73], [87], [89], [91], [96], [98-101], [110], [124], [128], [130], [132-137], [142], [155-158], [160], [162-163], [165-167], [170-173], [175-176], [187-188], [196], [199], [201-202], [206], [215-216], [219], [222], [224] (1823), pl. [54], [118], [143], [149], [159] [179], [181], [185], [203], [217] (1824), pl. [3-5], [8-10], [15], [20], [45], [49], [55], [60], [62-63], [67], [79-80], [88], [104], [111-113], [120], [125], [127], [140], [144-146], [148], [151-152], [154], [168], [189-193], [221], [225] (1825), pl. [7], [17], [21], [28], [44], [46-47], [57], [61], [82], [123], [126] (1826), pl. [85], [119], [186], [209] (1827), (Index Systematicus) [1-4] (1827-1832)

Hübner, [1819]

Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816), (2): 17-32 (1819), (3): 33-48 (1819), (4): 49-64 (1819), (5): 65-80 (1819), (6): 81-96 (1819), (7): 97-112 (1819), (8): 113-128 (1819), (9): 129-144 (1819), (10): 145-160 (1819), (11): 161-176 (1819), (12): 177-192 (1820), (13): 193-208 (1820), (14): 209-224 (1821), (15): 225-240 (1821), (16): 241-256 (1821), (17): 257-272 (1823), (18): 273-288 (1823), (19): 289-304 (1823), (20): 305-320 (1825), (21): 321-336 (1825), (22): 337-352 (1825), (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])

Hübner, [1823]

Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, Vol. 2 [1819-] 1823 Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 2 : [1-3], 4-6, [7], 8-32, [33-40] (1823), pl. [36-38], f. 201-218 (1819), pl. [39-66], f. 219-382 (1819 - 1821), pl. [67-69], f. 383-400 (1821 - 1822)

Geyer in Hübner, [1832]

Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, Vol. 4 [1826]-1832 Zuträge Samml. exot. Schmett. 4 : pl. [104-131], f. 601-764 (1826), pl. [132-137], f. 765-800 (1827 - 1831), [1-3], 4-6, [7], 8-48 (1832)

Geyer, [1837]

Zuträge zur Sammlung exotischer Schmettlinge, Vol. 5 [1833]-1837 in Hübner, Zuträge. Samml. exot. Schmett. 5 : [1-3], 4, [5], 6-52 (1837), pl. [138-151], f. 801-880 (1833), pl. [152-172], f. 881-1000 (1834 - 1836)

Lucas, 1852

Description de nouvelles Espèces de Lépidoptères appartenant aux Collections entomologiques du Musée de Paris Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (3): 128-141 (1852), 4 (4): 189-198 (1852), 4 (6): 290-300 (1852), 4 (7): 324-343 (1852), 4 (9): 422-432, pl. 10 (1852), 5 (7): 310-322 (1853)

Moore, 1857

Description of some new Species of Lepidopterous Insects from Northern India Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1857 (333): 102-104, pls. Ann. 44, 45

Moore, [1858]

A Catalogue of the Lepidopterous Insects in the Museum of the Hon. East-India Company in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (1): v,[ii] + 1-278 + IV + 11, 18pls, expl.

Moore, [1866]

On the Lepidopterous Insects of Bengal Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1865 (3): 755-823, pl. 32-34

Moore, 1877

Descriptions of Asiatic diurnal Lepidoptera Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (4) 20 (115): 43-52

Moore, 1878

List of Lepidopterous Insects collected by the late R. Swinhoe in the Island of Hainan Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 695-708

Moore, [1879]

A List of the Lepidopterous insects collected by Mr. Ossian Limborg in Upper Tenasserium, with Descriptions of new Species Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (4): 821-859, pls. 51-53

Moore, 1879

Descriptions of new Asiatic diurnal Lepidoptera Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1879 (1): 136-144

Moore, 1881

Descriptions of new Asiatic diurnal Lepidoptera Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 29 (3): 305-313

Moore, 1884

Descriptions of some new Asiatic diurnal Lepidoptera chiefly from specimens contained in the Indian Museum, Calcutta J. asiat. Soc. Bengal, Pt II, 53 (1): 16-52

Moulton, 1923

Some Pierine Butterflies new to Malaya J. Malay. Brch. R. Asiat. Soc. 1 (1): 233-236

Snellen, 1890

Aanteekeninge over de Lepidoptera van het eiland Tanah-Djampea bij Celebes Tijdschr. Ent. 33: 267-278, 1pl

Staudinger, 1889

Lepidoptera der Insel Palawan Dt. ent. Z. Iris 2 (1): 3-180, pls. 1-2

Stoll, [1780]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 29-90, pl. 305-336 (1780), (29-31): 91-164, pl. 337-372 (1781), (32-32): 165-252, 1-29, pl. 373-400 (1782)

Suffert, 1904

Neue afrikansche Tagfalter Dt. Ent. Z. Iris 17: 12-107, pl.

Swinhoe, 1889

On new Indian Lepidoptera, chiefly Heterocera Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1889 (4): 396-431, 2pls

Swinhoe, 1890

New Species of Indian Butterflies Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5 (29): 353-365

Wallace, 1867

On the Pieridae of the Indian and Australian Regions Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 301-416

Winhard, 2000

Pieridae I Butterflies of the world, 10: (1) 40pp, (2) 48pls

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxononic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.