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Eurema Hübner, [1819]

Grass Yellows
Eurema Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 96, TS: Papilio delia Cramer
Abaeis Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (7): 97, TS: Papilio nicippe Cramer
Terias Swainson, [1821]; Zool. Illustr. (1) 1: pl. 22, TS: Papilio hecabe Linnaeus
Xanthidia Boisduval & Le Conte, [1829]; Hist. Lép. Am. Sept. (5/6): 48 (1830), TS: Papilio nicippe Cramer
Lucidia Lacordaire, 1833

= ; [NL4A, 105]

Heurema Agassiz, [1847]; Nomencl. zool. (Index univl.): 181 (emend. Eurema Hübner, [1819])

= ; [NL4A, 105]

Pyrisitia Butler, 1870; Cistula ent. 1: 35, 55, TS: Papilio proterpia Fabricius
Sphaenogona Butler, 1870; Cistula ent. 1: 35, 44, TS: Terias bogotana C. & R. Felder

= ; [NL4A, 105]

Maiva Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1893; Rhop. exot. (24): Lycaenidae 96, TS: Maiva sulphurea Grose-Smith & Kirby
Kibreeta Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica, 7 (75): 36, TS: Papilio libythea Fabricius
Nirmula Moore, [1906]; Lepidoptera Indica, 7 (75): 40, TS: Terias venata Moore
Teriocolias Röber, [1909]; in Seitz, Grossschmett. Erde 5: 89, TS: Terias atinas Hewitson
Eurema, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Eurema, Pieridae Holarcticae [Heiner Ziegler]

Pyrisita ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 11 (missp.) Kibretta ; Sharpe, [1908], Zool. Rec. 43: 314 (missp.) Teriocolias ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 11 Abaeis (Coliadinae) ; [NL4A, 105] Pyrisitia (Coliadinae) ; [NL4A, 105]

Teriocolias (Coliadinae) ; [NL4A, 107] Terias ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 154 Eurema ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13; [AfrL] Eurema (Coliadinae) ; [NL4A, 105]

450x365 (~25Kb) Venezuela, Yacambu park near Barquisimeto, July 2002, Photo © Simon Coombes

700x800 (~63Kb) USA: LepSoc field trip to Patagonia region, Santa Cruz Co., Arizona, 3.8.2005, Photo © Markku Savela

The exact identification of these species is still unknown, but tentatively assumed to belong into this group.

Eurema ada (Distant & Pryer, 1887)

-. See [About maps] Terias ada Distant & Pryer, 1887; Ann. Mag. nat Hist. (5) 19 (112): 271
Eurema ada ; [BOR, 184]; [MRS, 226]

E. a. ada

Swarawk Eurema ada ada ; [BOR, 184]

E. a. iona Talbot, 1939

Burma, Peninsular Malaya, Singapore, S.Thailand, Indo-China Eurema ada iona Talbot, 1939; Fauna Brit. Ind., Butts (ed. 2) 1: 537, TL: Selangor, Malaysia
Eurema ada iona, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema ada iona ; [BOR, 184]; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 18-19]

E. a. indosinica Yata, 1991

Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam Eurema ada indosinica Yata, 1991; Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist. 10: 15, pl. 15, f. 1-8, TL: Doi Inthanon, N.Thailand
Eurema ada indosinica, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. a. prabha Fruhstorfer²

Philippines (Palawan) Eurema ada prabha ; [BOR, 184]

E. a. yaksha Fruhstorfer²

Natuna Is. Eurema ada yaksha ; [BOR, 184]

E. a. toba de Nicéville²

NE.Sumatra Eurema ada toba ; [BOR, 184]

E. a. varga Fruhstorfer²

W.Java Eurema ada varga ; [BOR, 184]

E. a. choui Gu, 1994

Hainan Eurema ada choui Gu, 1994; in Chou, Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium, 1-2: 754, 226, TL: Jianfengling

Eurema alitha (C. & R. Felder, 1862)

-. See [About maps] alitha (C. & R. Felder, 1862); Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (9): 289
?Terias invida Butler, 1883; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 11 (66): 418
Eurema alitha, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
?Eurema invida ;
Eurema alitha ; [BOR, 186]

E. a. alitha

Philippines (Mindanao) Eurema alitha alitha ; [BOR, 186]

E. a. basilana Fruhstorfer²

Philippines (Basilan) Eurema alitha basilana ; [BOR, 186]
Eurema tilaha basilana ;

E. a. samarana Fruhstorfer²

Philippines (Samar) Eurema alitha samarana ; [BOR, 186]
Eurema tilaha samarana ;

E. a. garama Fruhstorfer²

Sulu Is. Eurema alitha garama ; [BOR, 186]
Eurema tilaha garama ;

E. a. gradiens Butler²

N.Borneo Eurema alitha gradiens ; [BOR, 186]
Eurema tilaha gradiens ;

E. a. zita C. & R. Felder, 1865²

Sulawesi ?lorquini Felder
Eurema zita
Eurema alitha zita ; [BOR, 186]
Eurema tilaha zita ;

E. a. sangira Fruhstorfer²

Sangi Eurema alitha sangira ; [BOR, 186]
Eurema tilaha sangira ;

E. a. djampeana Fruhstorfer²

Tanahdjampea Eurema alitha djampeana ; [BOR, 186]

E. a. sanama Fruhstorfer²

Sula Is. Eurema alitha sanama ; [BOR, 187]

E. a. jalendra Fruhstorfer²

Palawan hondai Morishita
Eurema alitha jalendra ; [BOR, 187]

Eurema andersoni (Moore, 1886)

Sikkim - Assam, Burma, Ceylon, Peninsular India. See [About maps] One-spot Grass Yellow
Terias andersonii Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 47, TL: Mergui, S.Myanmar
Eurema andersoni andersoni, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema andersonii ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 10]
Terias andersoni ; [BIR, 454]
Eurema andersoni ; [BOR, 186]; [MRS, 226]
Eurema (Terias) andersoni ;

E. a. andersoni

Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo, Thailand, Indo-China Eurema andersoni andersoni ; [BOR, 186]
Eurema andersonii andersonii ; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 7-8]

E. a. jordani Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932²

Sikkim, Bhutan Jordan's Grass Yellow
andersoni jordani Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932²; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 180, TL: Sikkim
Terias jordani ; [BIR, 454]
Eurema jordani ; [BOR, 184]
Eurema (Terias) andersoni jordani ; [Torben B. Larsen]

E. a. sadanobui Shirôzu & Yata, 1982

Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, S.Vietnam, S.Yunnan Eurema andersoni sadanobui Shirôzu & Yata, 1982; Tyo to Ga 33 (1/2): 25, TL: Tuk Chov, Kampot, Cambodia
Eurema andersoni inouei Shirôzu & Yata, 1981; Tyo to Ga 32 (1/2): 50 (preocc.)
Eurema andersoni sadanobui, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. a. ormistoni Watkins, 1925²

Ceylon, ?S.India Eurema ormistoni ;
Eurema andersoni ormistoni ; [BOR, 186]

E. a. godama Fruhstorfer

Taiwan Eurema andersoni godama ; [BOR, 186]; [MRS, 226]

E. a. udana Fruhstorfer²

W.Java Eurema andersoni udana ; [BOR, 186]

E. a. evansi Corbet & Pendlebury²

Andamans Eurema andersoni evansi ; [BOR, 186]

E. a. anamba Corbet & Pendlebury²

Anambas Is. Eurema andersoni anamba ; [BOR, 186]

E. a. konoyi Morishita²

Palawan Eurema andersoni konoyi ; [BOR, 186]

Eurema beatrix (Toxopeus, 1939)

Java. See [About maps] Terias beatrix Toxopeus, 1939; Ent. Meded. Ned.-Ind. 5: 57

Eurema blanda (Boisduval, 1836)

Ceylon, Peninsular India - Sikkim, Assam, Burma, Japan. See [About maps] Three-spot Grass Yellow
Terias blanda Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 672, TL: Java
Terias blanda ; [BIR, 453]
Eurema blanda ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 11]; [BOR, 184]; [MRS, 225]
Eurema (Terias) blanda ;

Larva on Wagatea spicata [BIR]

E. b. blanda

Java, Bali, Enggano Eurema blanda blanda ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. snelleni (Moore, [1907])

S.Thailand, Peninsular Malaya, Langkawi, Singapore, Sumatra, Borneo Terias snelleni Moore, [1907]; Lepidoptera Indica, 7 (76): 78
Eurema blanda snelleni ; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 16-17]; [BOR, 184]; [MRS, 225]

E. b. silhetana (Wallace, 1867)

Ceylon, India - Indo-China, S.Yunnan Terias silhetana Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 324, TL: Silhet, NE.India
Eurema blanda silhetana, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema blanda silhetana ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. moorei Butler²

?Andamans, Nicobars ?grisea Evans
Eurema blanda moorei ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. natuna Fruhstorfer²

Natuna Is. Eurema blanda natuna ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. arsakia (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Japan, Taiwan Eurema blanda arsakia ; [BOR, 184]; [MRS, 225]

Larva on Pithecellobium lucidum, Cassia siamea, C. surattensis, Caesalpinia crista, C. globulorum [MRS]

E. b. hylama Corbet & Pendlebury

Hainan Eurema blanda hylama ; [BOR, 184]; [MRS, 225]

E. b. rileyi Corbet & Pendlebury

S.China Eurema blanda rileyi ; [BOR, 184]; [MRS, 225]

E. b. acandra Fruhstorfer

Hong Kong Eurema blanda acandra ; [BOR, 184]
Eurema blanda acandre ; [MRS, 225]

= Teria acandra Frushtorfer, 1910 or not? Spelling acandra or acandre?

E. b. visellia Fruhstorfer²

Philippines (Luzon) Eurema blanda visellia ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. vallivolans Butler²

Philippines (Mindanao) Eurema blanda vallivolans ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. mensia Fruhstorfer²

Philippines (Samar, Bohol, Leyte) Eurema blanda mensia ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. norbana Fruhstorfer, 1910²

N.Sulawesi Eurema norbana ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 16]
Eurema blanda norbana ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. odinia Fruhstorfer²

S.Sulawesi, Sula Is. Eurema blanda odinia ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. sanapati Fruhstorfer²

Lesser Sunda Is. Eurema blanda sanapati ; [BOR, 184]

E. b. laratensis Butler²

Timor Eurema blanda laratensis ; [BAUR, 163]

E. b. cungata Fruhstorfer²

Ambon, Serang Eurema blanda cungata ; [BAUR, 163]

E. b. indecisa Butler²

Moluccas - New Guinea Eurema blanda indecisa ; [BAUR, 163 (text)]

Eurema brigitta (Stoll, [1780])

Tropical Africa, AS, AU. See [About maps] Small Grass Yellow
Papilio brigitta Stoll, [1780]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 82, pl. 331, f. B, C, TL: Guinea, W.Africa
Maiva sulphurea Grose-Smith & Kirby, 1893; Rhop. exot. (24): Lycaenidae 96, pl. 21, f. 13
brigitta f. zoe Hopffer, 1855; Mber. dt. Akad. Wiss. Berl. 1855: 640 [wet-season]
Eurema brigitta, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Terias libythea ; [BIR, 450]
Eurema libythea ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 15]
Eurema brigitta ; [BOR, 182]; [MRS, 226]
Eurema (Eurema) brigitta ; [AfrL]

Larva on Hypericum aethiopicum, Cassia mimosoides [PBSA], Cassia mimosoides K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

E. b. brigitta

Tropical Africa Eurema brigitta brigitta ; [BAFR, 55]
Eurema (Eurema) brigitta brigitta ; [AfrL]

E. b. pulchella (Boisduval, 1833)

Madagascar, Mauritius, Comoro Is., Aldabra Is. Xanthidia pulchella Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid.: 20, pl. 2, f. 7
Eurema brigitta pulchella ; [BAFR, 55 (text)]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 5-6
Eurema (Eurema) brigitta pulchella ; [MadL]; [AfrL]

E. b. drona Horsfield, 1828²

Sumatra, Java - Lombok Eurema brigitta drona ; [BOR, 182]

E. b. senna (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

Peninsular Malaya, Singapore Terias senna C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Lep. Rhop. (2): 212
Eurema brigitta senna ; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 20]; [BOR, 182]

E. b. fruhstorferi (Moore, 1906)

E.Indo-China Terias fruhstorferi Moore, 1906; Lep. Ind. 7: 40
Eurema brigitta fruhstorferi ; [BOR, 182]

E. b. ina Eliot²

S.Sulawesi Eurema brigitta ina ; [BOR, 182]

E. b. hainana (Moore, 1878)

Hainan Terias hainana Moore, 1878; Lep. Ind. 7: 47, TL: Hainan
Eurema brigitta hainana, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema brigitta hainana ; [BOR, 182]; [MRS, 226]

E. b. rubella (Wallace, 1867)

Ceylon, India, Burma - S.China, Nicobars Terias rubella Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4: 323, TL: Calcutta
Papilio libythea Fabricius, 1798; Ent. Syst. (Suppl.): 427 (preocc. Papilio libythea Fabricius, 1775)
Eurema brigitta rubella ; [BOR, 182]; [MRS, 226]

E. b. formosana Matsumura, 1919

Taiwan Eurema libythea f. formosana Matsumura, 1919; Thous. Ins. Japan. Addit. 3: 510, pl. 34, f. 13, TL: Formosa
?Eurema dorothea Nakahara, 1922; Entomologist 55: 123, TL: Formosa
Eurema brigitta formosana ; [BOR, 182]; [MRS, 226]

E. b. yunnana (Mell)

Eurema brigitta yunnana ; [MRS, 226]

E. b. australis (Wallace, 1867)

Australia, New Guinea, Papua Terias australis Wallace, 1867
Eurema brigitta australis ; [BAUR, 162]

Eurema candida (Stoll, [1782])

Moluccas, New Guinea. See [About maps] Papilio candida Stoll, [1782]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 82 (1780), pl. 331, f. A
Eurema candida, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Terias candida ; [EBW]
Eurema candida ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 12]

E. c. candida

Buru, Ambon, Serang Eurema candida candida ; [BAUR, 162 (text)]

E. c. salomonis (Butler, 1898)

Alu, Fauro Is. Terias salomonis Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 1 (1): ?, TL: Solomon Is.
Eurema candida salomonis ; [BAUR, 162]

E. c. liberia Fruhstorfer²

Bachan, Halmahera, Morotai, Ternate Eurema candida liberia ; [BAUR, 162 (text)]

E. c. dindymene Fruhstorfer²

Obi Eurema candida dindymene ; [BAUR, 162 (text)]

E. c. papuana (Butler, 1898)

Misool Terias papuana Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 1 (1): ?, TL: Mysol
Eurema candida papuana ; [BAUR, 162]
Eurepa candida papuapa ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 7

E. c. diotima Fruhstorfer, 1910²

candida diotima Fruhstorfer, 1910²; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 172 (4 April, 1910)
Eurema candida diotina[sic] ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 8

E. c. octogesa Fruhstorfer²

Waigeu Eurema candida octogesa ; [BAUR, 162 (text)]

E. c. xanthomelaena Godman & Salvin²

New Britain, New Ireland, Duke of York Group digentia Fruhstorfer²
Eurema candida xanthomelaena ; [BAUR, 162]

E. c. woodfordi (Butler, 1898)

Guadalcanal, Malaita, Florida Is., Shortland Group Terias woodfordi Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 1 (1): ?, TL: Solomon Is.?
Eurema candida woodfordi ; [BAUR, 162 (text)]

Eurema celebensis Wallace, 1867²

-. See [About maps] celebensis Wallace, 1867²; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 327
Eurema celebensis ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 20 (text)]; [BOR, 188]

E. c. celebensis

N.Sulawesi Eurema celebensis celebensis ; [BOR, 188]

E. c. exophthalma Fruhstorfer²

Sula Is. ?poetelia Fruhstorfer
Eurema celebensis exophthalma ; [BOR, 188]

E. c. toalarum Fruhstorfer²

S.Sulawesi Eurema celebensis toalarum ; [BOR, 188]

Eurema desjardinsi (Boisduval, 1833)

E.Cape - Transkei - Natal, Rhodesia, Madagascar, AF. See [About maps] Angled Grass Yellow
Xanthidia desjardinsi Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid.: 22 [summer]
desjardinsi f. marshalli Butler, 1897; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1897: 851, pl. L, f. 9 [dry-season]
?desjardinisi ; (spell.?)
desjardinsii f. mandarinula ; [PBSA, [dry-season]]
desjardinsii f. regularis ; [PBSA, [wet-season]]
Eurema (Eurema) desjardinsii ; [AfrL]

Larva on Cassia mimosoides, Hypericum aethiopicum? [PBSA]

E. d. desjardinsi

Madagascar, Comoro Is. Eurema desjardinisi desjardinisi ; [BAFR, 55]
Eurema (Eurema) desjardinsii desjardinsii ; [MadL]; [AfrL]

E. d. marshalli (Butler, 1898)

Kenya Eurema (Eurema) desjardinsii marshalli ; [AfrL]

Eurema floricola (Boisduval, 1883)

Madagascar, Mauritius, Reunion, Comoros, East Africa (coastal), Zaire, Kenya. See [About maps] Malagasy Grass Yellow
?Terias smilacina C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Lep. Rhop. (2): 208

= ?Eurema hecabe ;

Eurema (Terias) floricola ; [AfrL]

E. f. floricola

Madagascar Eurema floricola floricola ; [BAFR, 55]
Eurema (Terias) floricola floricola ; [MadL]; [AfrL]

E. f. anjuana (Butler, 1879)

Comoro Is. Eurema floricola anjuana ; [BAFR, 55 (text)]
Eurema (Terias) floricola anjuana ; [AfrL]

E. f. ceres (Butler, 1886)

Mauritius, Réunion Is. Eurema floricola ceres ; [BAFR, 55 (text)]
Eurema (Terias) floricola ceres ; [AfrL]

E. f. leonis (Butler, 1886)

Eurema (Terias) floricola leonis ; [AfrL]

E. f. aldabrensis Bernardi, 1969

Aldabra I. Eurema floricola aldabrensis ; [BAFR, 55 (text)]
Eurema (Terias) floricola aldabrensis ; [AfrL]

E. f. nivea Berger, 1981²

Eurema floricola nivea ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 4

?E. f. orientis Butler, 1888²

?Eurema floricola orientis ; [BK, 122]

Larva on Caesalpinia, Desmanthus, Leucaena, Mimosa [BK]

Eurema hapale (Mabille, 1882)

Tropical Africa, Madagascar. See [About maps] Pale Grass Yellow Marsh Grass Yellow
Terias hapale Mabille, 1882
?Terias hapale Mabille, 1887; Hist. Madag. Lepid. 1: [??ref.] 250, pl. 32, f. 6-7 (year?)
Eurema (Terias) hapale ; [MadL]; [AfrL]

Larva on Albizia, (in rearing) [BK]

Eurema hecabe (Linnaeus, 1758)

AF, AS, AU. See [About maps] Common Grass Yellow
Papilio hecabe Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1: 470, TL: S.China, Hong Kong
?Papilio hecabe Linnaeus, 1764; Mus. Lud. Ulr.: 249
Papilio luzoniensis Linnaeus, 1764; Mus. Lud. Ulr.: 249, TL: Luzon
Papilio rahul[?] Fabricius, 1787; (spell.?)
Papilio rahel[?] Fabricius, 1787; Mantissa Insectorum, 2: 22 (spell.?), TL: India
Papilio chrysopterus Gmelin, 1790; in Linnaeus, Syst. Nat. (edn 13) 1 (5): 2261
Terias suava Boisduval, 1836
Terias sinensis Lucas, 1852; Revue Mag. Zool. (2) 4 (9): 429, TL: China
Terias hecabeoides Ménétriés, 1855; Cat. lep. Petersb. 1: 85, pl. 2, f. 2
Terias aesiope Ménétriés, 1855; Cat. lep. Petersb. 1: 85, pl. 2, f. 3, TL: "Haiti"
Terias anemone C. & R. Felder, 1862; Wien. ent. Monats. 6 (1): 23, TL: Ningpo; Hong Kong
Terias nikobariensis C. & R. Felder, 1862
Terias fimbriata Wallace, 1867; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. (3) 4 (3): 323, TL: Mussooree
Terias hebridina Butler, 1875
Terias inanata Butler, 1875
Terias pumilaris Butler, 1875
Terias varieta Butler, 1875
Terias lifuana Butler, 1877
Terias sinapina Butler, 1877
Terias arcuata Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 700, TL: Hainan
Terias attenuata Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 700, TL: Hainan
Terias subdecorata Moore, 1878; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1878 (3): 699, TL: Hainan
Terias connexiva Butler, 1880; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 28 (4): 199, pl. 6, f. 12
Terias hybrida Butler, 1880; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 28 (4): 199
Terias mariesii Butler, 1880; Trans. ent. Soc. Lond. 28 (4): 198, pl. 6, f. 1
Terias unduligera Butler, 1880; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1880: 668, TL: Formosa
Terias simulata Moore, 1881
Terias apicalis Moore, 1882; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 253, pl. 12, f. 2, TL: Kangra
Terias excavata Moore, 1882; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 252, TL: Kangra
Terias irregularis Moore, 1882; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 253, pl. 12, f. 3, TL: Kangra
Terias purrea Moore, 1882; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1882 (1): 252, TL: Kangra
Terias multiformis Pryer, 1882
Terias narcissus Butler, 1883
Terias asphodelus Butler, 1884
Terias curiosa Swinhoe, 1884
Terias fraterna Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 46, pl. 4, f. 6, TL: Mergui
Terias kana Moore, 1886
Terias merguiana Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 47, pl. 4, f. 7, TL: Mergui
Terias patruelis Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 46, pl. 4, f. 5, TL: Mergui
Terias anguligera Butler, 1886
Terias simplex Butler, 1886
Terias swinhoei Butler, 1886
Terias orientis Butler, 1888
Terias aesiopeoides Moore, 1906
Terias andamana Moore, 1907
Terias blairiana Moore, 1907
Terias blanda acandra Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 169 (4 April, 1910), TL: Hong Kong
Terias enganica Fruhstorfer, 1910
Terias locana Fruhstorfer, 1910
Terias sintica Fruhstorfer, 1910
Terias yaksha Fruhstorfer, 1910
?Terias taiwana Matsumura, 1919; Thous. Ins. Japan. Addit. 3: 512, TL: ?Japan
Terias paroeana Strand, 1922; Ent. Zeit. 36: 19, TL: Formosa
Terias rotundata Kishida, 1932
Eurema cephrens Corbet, 1941
Eurema telloana Corbet, 1941
Eurema ab. jacouleti Nakahara, 1941; Zephyrus 9: 1-3
Eurema hecabe, NSG Voucher Specimen [Wahlberg]
Eurema hecabe hecabe, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema hecabe, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]

Eurema aesiope ; Eurema hecabeoides ; Terias hecabe ; [BIR, 453]; [EBW]

Eurema hecabe ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 14]; [BOR, 183]; [MRS, 225] Eurema hecabe anemone ; [MRS, 225] Eurema hecabe subdecorate ; [MRS, 225] Eurema (Terias) hecabe ; [AfrL]

identification uncertain 769x513 (~82Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko	identification uncertain 769x513 (~76Kb) underside Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko	598x552 (~53Kb) underside A forest road at a small pond in the forest, Seonheul-ri, Jocheon-eup, Bukjeju-gun, Jeju-do Island, S Korea. 31st of July 2002, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
844x584 (~56Kb) underside A forest road at a small pond in the forest, Seonheul-ri, Jocheon-eup, Bukjeju-gun, Jeju-do Island, S Korea. 31st of July 2002, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	450x704 (~27Kb) underside The Oda-River bank, Ikazaki Town (Ikazaki-cho), Echime Prefecture, Shikoku, Japan. 7th August 2002, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	749x897 (~73Kb) underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Jomtien beach, a wasting land behind Jomtien Holiday Hotel, 2nd January 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin
880x998 (~99Kb) underside male female Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin	1292x1186 (~179Kb) underside Thailand, Chon Buri Province, Pattaya, Ko Khram Island, Saikawe beach, a side of a road through shrubbery at the coast, 3rd February, 2006, Photo © Oleg Kosterin

Larva on Cassia, Acacia, Caesalpinia, Albizia [BIR], Hypericum aethiopicum, Sesbania, Caesalpinia, Albizia, Cassia [BK], Breynia oblongifolia, B. cernua, B. nivosa, Phyllanthus tenellus, Albizia lebbeck, Leucaena glauca, Sesbania aculeata, Indigofera, Cassia surrattensis [BAUR]

Larva on Brassica spp., Aeschynomene hirsuta, Indigofera sp., Sesbania cannabina, S. javanicus, Cassia coronilloides, C. surattensis, Acacia baileyana, A. maidenii, A. rubida, A. spectabilis, Albizia lebbeck, Leucaena glauca, L. leucocephala, Breynia cernua, B. nivosa, B. oblongifolia, B. stipitata, Phyllanthus tenellus K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

E. h. hecabe

Eurema hecabe hecabe ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 2

?E. h. latimargo Hopffer, 1874²

Celebes hecabe latimargo Hopffer, 1874²; Stett. ent. Ztg 35 (1): 25, TL: Celebes
Eurema latimargo ;

E. h. latilimbata (Butler, 1886)

Sumatra, Borneo Terias latilimbata Butler, 1886
?Terias hecabe borneensis Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 167 (2 April, 1910), pl. 73e, TL: Borneo
Eurema hecabe latilimbata ; [BOR, 183]

E. h. amplexa Butler²

Christmas I. Eurema hecabe amplexa ; [BOR, 183]

E. h. hobsoni (Butler, 1880)

Terias hobsoni Butler, 1880; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1880: 668, TL: Formosa
Eurema hecabe hobsoni ; [MRS, 225]

Larva on Acacia mollissima, Albizia julibrissin, Acacia farnesiana, Aeschynomene indica, Arachis hypogaea, Cassia surattensis, Sesbania roxburghii, Breynia officinalis, Rhamnus formosana, Cassia tora, Cratoxylum ligustrinum, Sageretia theezans, Sesbania cohcinchinensis [MRS]

E. h. mandarina (de l'Orza, 1869)

Terias mandarina de l'Orza, 1869; Lep. Jap.: 18, TL: Japan
Eurema hecabe mandarina ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 3

E. h. solifera (Butler, 1875)

Afrotropical (savannah and woodlands) Eurema hecabe solifera ; [BAFR, 54]
Eurema (Terias) hecabe solifera ; [AfrL]

E. h. albina Huang, 1994

Fujian Eurema hecabe albina Huang, 1994; in Chou, Monographia Rhopalocerum Sinensium 1-2: 754, 225, TL: Fujian

E. h. brevicostalis Butler²

Timer - Kai I. Terias photophila Butler, 1884
Eurema hecabe brevicostalis ; [BAUR, 163]

E. h. diversa Wallace²

Buru Eurema hecabe diversa ; [BAUR, 163]

E. h. biformis Butler²

Ambon, Serang Eurema hecabe biformis ; [BAUR, 163 (text)]

E. h. oeta (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

West Irian - Papua Terias oeta Fruhstorfer, 1910
Eurema hecabe oeta ; [BAUR, 163 (text)]

E. h. phoebus (Butler, 1886)

N.Australia Terias phoebus Butler, 1886
Eurema hecabe phoebus ; [BAUR, 163]

E. h. kerawara Ribbe²

Bismarck Archipelago magna Ribbe²
Eurema hecabe kerawara ; [BAUR, 163 (text)]

E. h. nivaria Fruhstorfer²

Solomons Eurema hecabe nivaria ; [BAUR, 163 (text)]

E. h. contubernalis (Moore, 1886)

Terias contubernalis Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 46, TL: Mergui
Eurema hecabe contubernalis ; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 14-15]; [MRS, 225]

Larva on Pithecellobium, Cassia, Moullava, Acacia, Caesalpinia, Albizia, Sesbania [BMP]

Eurema herla (Macleay, 1826)

Australia. See [About maps]

Pieris herla Macleay, 1826 Terias sinta Wallace, 1867

Terias hespera Butler, 1886 Terias immaculata Miskin, 1889

Eurema herla, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Eurema herla ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 15 (text)]; [BAUR, 163]

Larva on Cassia mimosoides K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

Eurema lacteola (Distant, 1886)

Peninsular Malaya, Java, Sumatra, Borneo. See [About maps] Terias lacteola Distant, 1886; Rhopalocera Malayana (23): 466, f. 129
Eurema lacteola ; [BOR, 184]
Eurema lacteola lacteola ; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 6]

Eurema laeta (Boisduval, [1836])

India, Ceylon, Burma, Japan, Australia. See [About maps] Spotless Grass Yellow
Terias laeta Boisduval, [1836]; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 674, TL: Bengal
Terias venata Moore, 1857; in Horsfield & Moore, Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (1): 65, pl. 2a, f. 2
Eurema laeta, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Eurema venata ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 15 (text)]
Terias laeta ; [BIR, 452]; [EBW]
Eurema laeta ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 13]; [BOR, 182]; [MRS, 225]
Eurema (Eurema) laeta ;

Larva on Cassia mimosoides [MRS], Cassia mimosoides K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

E. l. laeta

Ceylon, India - W.Hiamalayas Eurema laeta laeta ; [BOR, 182]

E. l. betheseba (Janson, 1878)

Japan

E. l. sikkima (Moore, 1906)

Sikkim, Assam, Burma, Thailand, Indo-China, Hainan laeta sikkima (Moore, 1906); , TL: Sikkim
Eurema laeta sikkima ; [BOR, 183]; [MRS, 225]

E. l. pseudolaeta (Moore, 1906)

S.Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam Terias pseudolaeta Moore, 1906; Lep. Ind. 7: 44, pl. 566, f. 1j-m, TL: Mergui, S.Myanmar
Nirmula annamitica Moore, 1906; Lep. Ind. 7: 46, TL: Annam; Siam
Eurema laeta pseudolaeta, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. l. semperi Moore²

Philippines (Luzon, Benguet Mts.) Eurema laeta semperi ; [BOR, 183]

E. l. punctissima (Matsumura)

Taiwan Eurema laeta punctissima ; [BOR, 183]; [MRS, 225]

?E. l. sana (Butler, 1877)

Northern Territory - Cape York, Torres Strait Is., Papua Terias sana Butler, 1877; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1877: 470
Eurema sana ; [BAUR, 163]

E. l. lineata (Miskin, 1889)

Northern Territory - Cape York, Torres Strait Is. Line Grass Yellow
Terias lineata Miskin, 1889
Eurema laeta lineata ; [BAUR, 163]

E. l. rama Moore, 1872²

laeta rama Moore, 1872²; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1872 (2): 566, TL: Ceylon?
Eurema laeta rama ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 9

Eurema lombokiana Fruhstorfer, 1897²

Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores. See [About maps] Eurema lombokiana ; [BOR, 186]

Eurema mandarinula (Holland, 1892)

C.Africa, Kenya. See [About maps] Mandarin Grass Yellow
mandarinula (Holland, 1892); Entomologist (suppl.) 25: 91
Eurema mandarinula ; [BK, 123]
Eurema (Eurema) mandarinula ; [AfrL]

Many references to f. mandarinula exist that do not belong to E. mandarinula. Only recently separated from E. desjardinsi. [BK]

Eurema novapallida Yata, 1992

Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, S.Vietnam. See [About maps] Eurema novapallida Yata, 1992; Bull. Kitakyushu Mus. Nat. Hist. 11: 62, pl. 26, f. 5-8, pl. 27, f. 1-2, TL: Bobla, S.Vietnam
Eurema pallida Shirôzu & Yata, 1973; Sieboldia (4) 3: 132 (preocc.)
Eurema novapallida, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema pallida ; [BOR, 184]

Eurema puella (Boisduval, 1832)

Aru?, Cape York - N.Queensland, New Guinea. See [About maps] Broad Margined Grass Yellow
Xanthidia puella Boisduval, 1832
Terias virgo Wallace, 1867
Eurema puella, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Eurema candida virgo ; [BAUR, 162 (text)]
Eurema candida puella ; [BAUR, 162 (text)]

Eurema regularis (Butler, 1876)

East Africa, C.Africa, Ghana. See [About maps] Regular Grass Yellow
regularis (Butler, 1876); Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 18: 486
Eurema desjarndinisi regularis ; [BAFR, 55]
Eurema regularis ; [BK, 123]
Eurema (Eurema) regularis ; [AfrL]

Only recently separated from E. desjardinsii. [BK]

Eurema sari (Horsfield, [1829])

-. See [About maps] Terias sari Horsfield, [1829]; Descr. Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (2): 136
Eurema sari ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 17]; [BOR, 186]

E. s. sari

Java Eurema sari sari ; [BOR, 186]

E. s. sodalis (Moore, 1886)

S.Burma, Peninsular Malaya, Singapore, Thailand, Indo-China, Sumatra, N.Borneo Terias sodalis Moore, 1886; J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 21 (1): 45, TL: Mergui, S.Myanmar
Eurema sari sodalis, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema sari sodalis ; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 10-11]; [BOR, 186]

E. s. thyreus Fruhstorfer²

Enggano Eurema sari thyreus ; [BOR, 186]

E. s. obucola (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

S.Borneo, Natuna, Palawan Terias sari obucola Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 170 (4 April, 1910), TL: S.Borneo
Eurema sari obucola ; [BOR, 186]

E. s. curiosa Swinhow²

?Bombay Eurema sari curiosa ; [BOR, 186]

Eurema sarilata Semper, 1891²

-. See [About maps] sarilata Semper, 1891²; Reisen Philipp. (6): 254
Eurema sarilata ; [BOR, 186]

E. s. sarilata

N.Philippines - C.Philippines Eurema sarilata sarilata ; [BOR, 186]

E. s. mindorana Butler²

Philippines (Mindoro) Eurema sarilata mindorana ; [BOR, 186]

E. s. bazilana Shirôzu & Yata²

Philippines (Basilan) Eurema sarilata bazilana ; [BOR, 186]

E. s. luzonensis Shirôzu & Yata²

Philippines (Luzon) Eurema sarilata luzonensis ; [BOR, 186]

E. s. risa Morishita²

Philippines (Negros) Eurema sarilata risa ; [BOR, 186]

Eurema senegalensis Boisduval, [1836]

Senegal - W.Kenya, Tanzania, W.Uganda - Congo, Cameroun, Nigeria, Liberia, Sierra Leone. See [About maps] Forest Grass Yellow
Eurema senegalensis Boisduval, [1836]; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 449 [wet-season]
?senegalensis f. bisinuata Butler, 1876; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 18: 485 [dry-season]
senegalensis f. brenda Doubleday & Hewitson, 1847; Gen. Diurn. Lepid.: pl. 9 [wet-season]
?senegalensis f. floricola Boisduval, 1833; Faun. ent. Madagascar, Lépid.: 21 [wet-season]
?senegalensis f. ceres Butler, 1886; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17: 218 [dry-season]
Eurema hecabe senegalensis ; [PBSA]
Eurema senegalensis ; [BK]; [BAFR, 55]
Terias brenda ; [EBW]
Eurema (Terias) senegalensis ; [AfrL]

Larva on Hypericum aethiopicum, Cassia mimosoides [PBSA]

Eurema simulatrix (Semper, 1891)

-. See [About maps] Terias simulatrix Semper, 1891; Reisen Philipp. (6): 253, pl. 41, f. 7-8
Eurema simulatrix ; [BOR, 185]

E. s. simulatrix

Philippines (Mindanao) Eurema simulatrix simulatrix ; [BOR, 185]

E. s. princessae Morishita²

Palawan Eurema simulatrix princessae ; [BOR, 185]

E. s. tecmessa (de Nicéville & Martin, [1896])

S.Burma, Peninsular Malaya, S.Thailand, Singapore, Sumatra, Java, Borneo Terias tecmessa de Nicéville & Martin, [1896]; J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal, (II) 64 (3): 498, TL: Sumatra
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa ; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 12-13]; [BOR, 185]

E. s. sarinoides (Fruhstorfer, 1910)

Sikkim - Myanmar, N.Thailand, Laos Terias hecabe grandis f. sarinoides Fruhstorfer, 1910; in Seitz, Gross-Schmett. Erde 9 : 167 (2 April, 1910), TL: Hinlap, Thailand
Eurema simulatrix tecmessa f. stockleyi Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 167
Eurema simulatrix sarinoides, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]

E. s. littorea Morishita, 1968

Langkawi Is. Eurema simulatrix littorea Morishita, 1968; Tyô to Ga 19 (3-4): 66, f. 17-18, 19a, 20a
Eurema simulatrix littorea ; [BOR, 185]

E. s. inouei Shirôzu & Yata, 1973

Thailand, Indo-China Eurema simulatrix inouei Shirôzu & Yata, 1973; Sieboldia (4) 3: 128-129, TL: Dinh Quan, S.Vietnam
Eurema simulatrix inouei ; [BOR, 185]

E. s. tiomanica Okubo, 1983

Eurema simulatrix tiomanica Okubo, 1983; Tyô to Ga 33: 169, f. 1-4, TL: Tioman

?E. s. irena Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932

Celebes simulatrix irena Corbet & Pendlebury, 1932; Bull. Raffles Mus. 7: 168
Eurema irena ;

Eurema smilax (Donovan, 1805)

Australia, Tasmania. See [About maps] Papilio smilax Donovan, 1805; Epitome nat. Hist. Ins. New Holland: 20
Terias ingana Wallace, 1867
Terias parvula Herrich-Schäffer, 1869
Terias varius Miskin, 1889
Terias casta Lucas, 1892
Eurema smilax, Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia [Don Herbison-Evans]
Terias smilax ; [EBW]
Eurema smilax ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 18]; [BAUR, 163]
Eurema smilax smilax ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 10

Larva on Cassia fistula, Cassia nemophila, Neptunia gracilis [BAUR], Cassia coronilloides, C. eremophila, C. fistula, C. nemophila, C. retusa, C. tomentosa, Neptunia gracilis, N. monosperma K. L. & L. E. Dunn, 1991, Review Austr. Butts. (1-4): (120-140)

Eurema tilaha (Horsfield, [1829])

-. See [About maps] Terias tilaha Horsfield, [1829]; Descr. Cat. lep. Ins. Mus. East India Coy (2): 136
Terias tilaha ; [EBW]
Eurema tilaha ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 19]; [BOR, 187]

E. t. tilaha

Java Eurema tilaha tilaha ; [BOR, 187]

E. t. myria Fruhstorfer²

Bali Eurema tilaha myria ; [BOR, 187]

Eurema nicevillei (Butler, 1898)

Burma, Malaysia, Langkawi, Pulau Tioman, Sumatra, Borneo. See [About maps] Terias nicevillei Butler, 1898; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 1 (1): 79, TL: NE.Sumatra
Eurema nicevillei nicevillei, Butterflies in Indo-China [Yutaka Inayoshi]
Eurema tilaha nicevillei ; [BOR, 187]; [BMP: 99, pl. 10, f. 9]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 14, back f. 3

Eurema timorensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1977

Timor. See [About maps] Eurema timorensis Shirôzu & Yata, 1977; Kontyû 45 (3): 340, TL: Timor

Eurema tominia (Vollenhoven, 1865)

-. See [About maps] tominia (Vollenhoven, 1865); Monog. Pierid.: 66
Eurema tominia ; [BOW: pl. 160, f. 20, 21]; [BOR, 188]

E. t. tominia

NE.Sulawesi Eurema tominia tominia ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. battana Fruhstorfer²

S.Sulawesi Eurema tominia battana ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. toradja Fruhstorfer²

E.Sulawesi Eurema tominia toradja ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. mangolina Fruhstorfer²

Sula Is. ?besina Fruhstorfer
Eurema tominia mangolina ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. halesa Fruhstorfer²

Selajar Eurema tominia halesa ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. faunia Fruhstorfer²

Binongko Eurema tominia faunia ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. arisa Fruhstorfer²

Tanahdjampea Eurema tominia arisa ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. horatia Fruhstorfer²

S.Borneo Eurema tominia horatia ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. nabalua Corbet & Pendlebury²

N.Borneo (mountains) Eurema tominia nabalua ; [BOR, 188]

E. t. talissa Westwood²

Talisei I. Eurema tominia talissa ; [BOR, 188]

Eurema agave (Cramer, [1775])

-. See [About maps] Papilio agave Cramer, [1775]; , TL: Surinam
Eurema agave ; [NL4A, #97]

E. a. agave

Surinam, French Guiana Eurema jodutta Hübner, [1819]; (repl. name), TL: Surinam

= ; [NL4A, #97a]

Terias mana Boisduval, 1836; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. 1: 681, TL: Surinam,French Guiana

= ; [NL4A, #97a]

Terias mana ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 167, 3: pl. 64, f. 13-14
Eurema agave agave ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #97a]

E. a. pallida (Chavannes, 1850)

Brazil(São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro) agave pallida (Chavannes, 1850) (Terias); , TL: Brazil, São Paulo
Terias sinoïdes Boisduval, 1874; , TL: Brazil, Rio de Janeiro

= ; [NL4A, #97c]

Eurema (Eurema) agave pallida ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 154
Eurema agave pallida ; [NL4A, #97c]

E. a. millerorum Llorente & Luis, 1987

Mexico agave millerorum Llorente & Luis, 1987; , TL: Mexico, Tabasco
Eurema agave millerorum ; [NL4A, #97b]

Eurema albula (Cramer, [1776])

-. See [About maps] Papilio albula Cramer, [1776]; , TL: Surinam
Eurema albula, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Terias albula ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 166
Eurema (Eurema) albula ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 154
Eurema albula ; [BCR, 107, pl. 10]; [BOW: pl. 50, f. 12]; [Opler]; [NL4A, #98]

Larva on Cassia fruticosa [BCR]

E. a. albula

Surinam, Brazil(Amazonas, Pará) Papilio cassiae Sepp, [1844]; (preocc. Linnaeus, 1758), TL: Surinam

= ; [NL4A, #98a]

Terias clara Bates, 1861; , TL: [Brazil, Amazonas]

= ; [NL4A, #98a]

Terias tapeina Bates, 1861; , TL: Brazil, Pará

= ; [NL4A, #98a]

Eurema melacheila Möschler, 1877; , TL: Surinam,"Panama"

= ; [NL4A, #98a]

Eurema albula albula ; [NL4A, #98a]

E. a. sinoe (Godart, 1819)

Brazil Pieris sinoe Godart, 1819; , TL: Brazil
Eurema albula sinoe ; [NL4A, #98e]

E. a. marginella (C. & R. Felder, 1861)

Venezuela Terias marginella C. & R. Felder, 1861; Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (4): 97, TL: Venezuela
Terias ?marginula Herrich-Schäffer, 1867; (nom. nud.)

= ; [NL4A, #98d]

Eurema albula marginella ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 14, pl. 17, f. 15; [NL4A, #98d]

E. a. celata (R. Felder, 1869)

Mexico Terias celata R. Felder, 1869; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 19: 466, TL: Mexico, Veracruz
Terias leucilla R. Felder, 1869; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 19: 466, TL: Mexico, Veracruz

= ; [NL4A, #98b]

Eurema albula celata, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Eurema albula celata, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Eurema albula celata ; [NL4A, #98b]

E. a. espinosae (Fernández, 1928)

albula espinosae (Fernández, 1928) (Terias); , TL: Peru, [Loreto], Iquitos
Eurema albula espinosai Lamas, 1999; (emend.)
Eurema albula espinosai ; [EcuL]
Eurema albula espinosae ; [NL4A, #98c]

E. a. totora Lamas, 1981

Peru Eurema albula totora Lamas, 1981; , TL: Peru, Tumbes, El Salto, sea level
Eurema albula totora ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #98f]

Eurema amelia (Poey, [1832])

Cuba. See [About maps] Terias amelia Poey, [1832]; , TL: Cuba
Eurema amelia ; [NL4A, #99]

Eurema arbela Geyer, [1832]

Mexico - Brazil. See [About maps] Eurema arbela Geyer, [1832]; , TL: "Java"
Eurema arbela ; [EBW]; [BOW: pl. 50, f. 13]; [NL4A, #100]
Eurema (Sphaenogona) arbela ; [EcuL]

E. a. arbela

Bolivia Terias arbela boliviensis Röber, 1909; , TL: Bolivia

= ; [NL4A, #100a]

Eurema (Eurema) arbela arbela ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 154
Eurema arbela arbela ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 14, pl. 17, f. 25; [NL4A, #100a]

E. a. gratiosa (Doubleday, 1847)

Costa Rica - Venezuela, Trinidad, Colombia Terias gratiosa Doubleday, 1847; Gen. diurn. Lep. (1): 78, pl. 9, f. 5, TL: Venezuela
Sphaenogona semiflava Butler, 1875; , TL: Trinidad

= ; [NL4A, #100g]

Teria[sic] gaugamela alba Apolinar, 1926; , TL: Colombia

= ; [NL4A, #100g]

Eurema gratiosa ; [BCR, 106, pl. 10]; [BOW: pl. 50, f. 20]
Eurema arbela gratiosa ; [NL4A, #100g]

Larva on Cassia [BCR]

E. a. deflorata (Kollar, 1850)

Colombia arbela deflorata (Kollar, 1850) (Terias); , TL: Colombia
Eurema arbela elsia Klots, 1929; , TL: Colombia

= ; [NL4A, #100d]

Eurema deflorata ; [BOW: pl. 50, f. 12 (text only)]
Eurema arbela deflorata ; [NL4A, #100d]

E. a. angulata (Wallengren, 1860)

Ecuador, Peru Terias ecuadora Hewitson, 1869; , TL: Ecuador, Island of Puna

= ; [NL4A, #100b]

Terias trujillensis Dufrane, 1947; , TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #100b]

Terias trujillensis ab. minor Dufrane, 1947; , TL: Peru

= ; [NL4A, #100b]

Eurema ecuadora ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 14, pl. 17, f. 28
Eurema (Sphaenogona) ecuadora ; [EcuL]
Eurema arbela angulata ; [NL4A, #100b]

E. a. boisduvaliana (C. & R. Felder, [1865])

Mexico - Costa Rica, Antilles Boisduval's Yellow
Terias boisduvaliana C. & R. Felder, [1865]; Reise Fregatte Novara, Lep. Rhop. (2): 200, TL: Mexico
Terias ingrata R. Felder, 1869; , TL: Mexico, Veracruz; Morelos

= ; [NL4A, #100c]

Eurema boisduvaliana, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Eurema boisduvaliana, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Eurema boisduvaliana, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
Eurema boisduvalianum, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
terias boisduvaliana ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 159, 3: pl. 68, f. 1-4
Pyrisita[sic] boisduvaliana ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 11
Eurema arbela boisduvaliana ;
Eurema boisduvalianum ; [NACL, #4245]
Eurema boisduvaliana ; [BCR, 106, pl. 10]; [BOW: pl. 17, f. 25]; [Opler]
Eurema arbela boisduvaliana ; [NL4A, #100c]

E. a. graduata (Butler, 1873)

Brazil(Pará) arbela graduata (Butler, 1873) (Sphaenogona); , TL: Brazil, Pará
Eurema arbela graduata ; [NL4A, #100f]

E. a. gracilis (Avinoff, 1926)

Brazil(Bahia) arbela gracilis (Avinoff, 1926) (Terias); , TL: Brazil, Bahia
Terias graduata var. clarescens d'Almeida, 1934; , TL: ?

= ; [NL4A, #100e]

Eurema arbela gracilis ; [NL4A, #100e]

E. a. ruizana Lamas, 1981

Peru Eurema arbela ruizana Lamas, 1981; , TL: N.Peru, rio Utcubamba, 20km N Pedro Ruiz Gallo 1200m
Eurema arbela ruizana ; [NL4A, #100h]

Eurema daira (Godart, [1819])

-. See [About maps] Fairy Yellow Barred Sulphur
Pieris daira Godart, [1819]; Encyclopédie Méthodique. 9 (1): 137 (repl. name), TL: Amerique septentrionale [Virginia]
?pallida Klots, 1928
Eurema daira; [BOW: pl. 17, f. 24, 27]
Eurema daira, Butterflies and Moths of North America [BAMONA]
daria ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 11 (missp.?)
Eurema daira ; [NACL, #4243]; [BCR, 108, pl. 10]; [Opler]; [NL4A, #101]

Misidentified/misapplied:

elathea; auth., not Cramer, 1777

identification uncertain 450x375 (~26Kb) Venezuela, Yacambu park near Barquisimeto, July 2002, Photo © Simon Coombes E. elathea?	800x1038 (~105Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 15.8.2004, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x1050 (~173Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 28.5.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny
1000x1155 (~157Kb) underside USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x1023 (~166Kb) USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny	1400x976 (~206Kb) USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny
368x318 (~59Kb) upperside USA: Alabama, 30.9.2006, Photo © Vitaly Charny

Larva on Aeschynomene viscidula, Stylosanthes biflora [NAB], Desmodium [BCR]

E. d. daira

Virginia, New York, Virginia, Louisiana, NA.Georgia, Florida Papilio delia Cramer, [1780]; Uitl. Kapellen 3 (23-24): 144, pl. 273, f. A (preocc. Papilio delia Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775), TL: Virginia

= ; [NL4A, #101a]

Eurema demoditas Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (6): 96 (repl. for. Papilio delia Cramer, [1780]), TL: Virginia
Xanthidia jucunda Boisduval & Leconte, 1829; Hist. Lép. Am. Sept. (5/6): 52 (1830) (sum. f.) ?[1830], TL: New York; Virginia; Louisiana

= ; [NL4A, #101a]

Terias lemnia C. & R. Felder, 1865; , TL: "Brazil(Ba)"

= ; [NL4A, #101a]

Eurema jucunda ab. fusca Harris, 1931; , TL: Georgia

= ; [NL4A, #101a]

Eurema demoditas f. delioides Haskin, 1933; , TL: Florida

= ; [NL4A, #101a]

Eurema demoditus Hübner, 1819; [NACL, (missp.?)]
Eurema delia ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 11
Terias jucunda ; Godman & Salvin, [1899], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 168, 3: pl. 94, f. 9-12
Eurema jucunda ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 12
Eurema daira daira ; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 13, pl. 17, f. 11; [NL4A, #101a]

E. d. palmira (Poey, [1852])

West Indies, Cuba, Bahamas Terias palmira Poey, [1852]; , TL: Cuba
Terias ebriola Poey, [1853]; , TL: Cuba

= Eurema jucunda ; Dyar, 1903, Bull. U.S. natn. Mus., 52: 12
= ; [NL4A, #101e]

Terias albina Poey, [1853]; , TL: Cuba

= ; [NL4A, #101e]

Terias cubana Herrich-Schäffer, 1865; (repl. name), TL: Cuba

= ; [NL4A, #101e]

Eurema daira palmira, Lepidoptera of French Antilles [Pierre Zagatti]
palmyra ; auth., (missp.)
Eurema palmira ; [NACL, #4244]
Eurema daira palmira ; [NL4A, #101e]

E. d. eugenia (Wallengren, 1860)

Mexico, Panama, Costa Rica, Guatemala daira eugenia (Wallengren, 1860) (Terias); , TL: [Panama] ?Ins. St. Joseph, Venezuela
Terias solana Reakirt, 1866; Proc. Acad. nat. Sci. Philad. 18 (3): (238-249), TL: Mexico, Veracruz

= ; [NL4A, #101b]

Terias persistens Butler & Druce, 1872; Cistula ent. 1 (5): 110, TL: Costa Rica

= ; [NL4A, #101b]

Eurema jucunda f. pallidula Klots, 1929; , TL: Guatemala

= ; [NL4A, #101b]

Eurema daira eugenia, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Eurema daira eugenia, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Terias persistens ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 170, 3: pl. 63, f. 24-27
Eurema daira eugenia ; [EcuL]; [NL4A, #101b]

E. d. sidonia (R. Felder, 1869)

Mexico Terias sidonia R. Felder, 1869; Verh. zool.-bot. Ges. Wien. 19: 465, TL: Mexico, "Campeche"; "Morelos"
Terias cepio Godman & Salvin, [1889]; Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 169, 3: pl. 94, f. 5-8, TL: Mexico, Sinaloa; Guerrero; Morelos; Michoacán; Veracruz

= ; [NL4A, #101f]

Eurema daira sidonia, Listing of Mexican Butterflies [ILMB]
Eurema daira sidonia, Butterflies of America [BOA]
Eurema daira sidonia ; [NL4A, #101f]

E. d. lydia (C. & R. Felder, 1861)

Venezuela, Colombia Terias lydia C. & R. Felder, 1861; Wien. ent. Monats. 5 (3): 87, TL: Venezuela,Colombia
Terias rhodia C. & R. Felder, 1861; , TL: Venezuela

= ; [NL4A, #101c]

Terias medutina C. & R. Felder, 1861; , TL: Venezuela

= ; [NL4A, #101c]

Terias phoenicia C. & R. Felder, 1865; , TL: Colombia

= ; [NL4A, #101c]

Eurema daira lydia, Butterflies of Southeastern Arizon [Bruce Walsh]
Terias lydia ; Godman & Salvin, [1889], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 170, 3: pl. 63, f. 20-23
Eurema daira phoenicia ; [EcuL]
Eurema daira lydia ; [NL4A, #101c]

E. d. macheti Brévignon, 1996

French Guiana daira macheti Brévignon, 1996; , TL: French Guiana
Eurema daira macheti ; [NL4A, #101d]

Eurema deva (Doubleday, 1847)

-. See [About maps] Terias deva Doubleday, 1847; , TL: "French Guiana"
Eurema (Eurema) deva ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 154
Eurema deva ; [BOW: pl. 50, f. 15]; [NL4A, #102]

E. d. deva

S.Brazil Terias fabricia Poey, [1853]; , TL: "French Guiana"

= ; [NL4A, #102a]

Terias agavoides Wallengren, 1863; , TL: Brazil

= ; [NL4A, #102a]

Eurema deva deva ; [NL4A, #102a]; Winhard, 2000, Butterflies of the world, 10: 14, pl. 17, f. 20

E. d. chilensis (Blanchard, 1852)

Chile deva chilensis (Blanchard, 1852) (Terias); , TL: Chile
Eurema deva chilensis ; [NL4A, #102b]

E. d. doris (Röber, 1909)

Bolivia deva doris (Röber, 1909) (Terias); , TL: Bolivia