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Tmolus Hübner, [1819]
Tmolus Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (5): 76, TS: Papilio echion Linnaeus
Tmolus (Eumaeini) ; [Opler]; [NL4A, 131]
Tmolus echion (Linnaeus, 1767)
Hawaii, S.Texas, Mexico - Brazil, Paraguay, Trinidad, Surinam. See [About maps] Larger Lantana Butterfly
Papilio echion Linnaeus, 1767; Syst. Nat. (Edn 12) 1 (2): 788, TL: "West Indies"
Papilio crolus Stoll, [1780]; in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): pl. 333, f. G, H, TL: Surinam
= ; [NL4A, #675]
Thecla labes Druce, 1907; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1907 (3): (566-632), TL: Trinidad
= ; [NL4A, #675]
f. echiolus (Draudt, 1920) (Thecla); , TL: Mexico, Guerrero
= ; [NL4A, #675]
Thecla sanctissima Jörgensen, 1935; , TL: Paraguay
= ; [NL4A, #675]
Tmolus echion echiolus [ILMB]
Tmolus echion echiolus [BOA]
Tmolus echion [BAMONA]
 Thecla echion ; Hewitson, 1874, Ill. diurn. Lep., Lycaenidae (6): 155, pl. 61, f. 410-411; Godman & Salvin, [1887], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 63; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 719
Ministrymon echion ;
Tmolus echion echiolus ; [NACL, #4292a]
Tmolus echion ; [NACL, #4292]; [BOW: pl. 69, f. 52]; [Opler]; [NL4A, #675]

Larva on Lantana [NAB]

Tmolus sp.
Panama. See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #676]
Tmolus crolinus Butler & Druce, 1872
Mexico - Panama, Costa Rica. See [About maps] Tmolus crolinus Butler & Druce, 1872; Cistula ent. 1 (5): 107, TL: Costa Rica
Tmolus crolinus [ILMB]
Tmolus crolinus [BOA]
 Thecla crolinus ; Godman & Salvin, [1887], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 63, 3: pl. 55, f. 31-33; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 719
Tmolus crolinus ; [BOW: pl. 69, f. 52 (text)]; [NL4A, #677]
Tmolus venustus (Druce, 1907)
Brazil(Mato Grosso), French Guiana. See [About maps] Thecla venustus Druce, 1907; Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1907 (3): (566-632), TL: Brazil, Mato Grosso
Uzzia cotera Johnson, 1991; , TL: French Guiana
= ; [NL4A, #678]
Tmolus venustus ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 152; [NL4A, #678]
Tmolus cydrara (Hewitson, 1868)
Mexico - Amazon. See [About maps] Thecla cydrara Hewitson, 1868; Descr. some new spec Lyc.: 17, TL: Brazil
Tmolus cydrara [ILMB]
Tmolus cydrara [BOA]
 Thecla cydrara ; Hewitson, 1869, Ill. diurn. Lep., Lycaenidae (4): 133, pl. 53, f. 295-296; Godman & Salvin, [1887], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 62; Godman & Salvin, [1901], Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 719
Tmolus cydrara ; Brown & Mielke, 1967, J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 152; [BOW: pl. 69, f. 49]; [NL4A, #679]
[cydrara-1m.jpg] 400x425 (~27Kb) male Belize, Central America, Photo © John Shuey

Tmolus sp.
Peru. See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #680]
Tmolus sp.
Costa Rica. See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #681]
Tmolus ufentina (Hewitson, 1868)
Brazil(Amazonas). See [About maps] Thecla ufentina Hewitson, 1868; , TL: Brazil, Amazonas
Tmolus ufentina ; [NL4A, #682]
Tmolus sp.
Ecuador. See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #683]
Tmolus sp.
Brazil(Santa Catarina). See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #684]
Tmolus sp.
Guatemala. See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #685]
Tmolus sp.
Peru. See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #686]
Tmolus sp.
Ecuador. See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #687]
Tmolus sp.
Peru. See [About maps] Tmolus sp. ; Robbins, MS, [NL4A, #688]
Tmolus mutina (Hewitson, 1867)
Brazil. See [About maps] Thecla mutina Hewitson, 1867; , TL: Brazil
Tmolus mutina ; [NL4A, #689]

15.7.2008 (6)

References:
[About maps]
Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.
[BAMONA]
Paul Opler, Harry Pavulaan, Ray Stanford, Michael Pogue; Butterflies and Moths of North America; Mountain Prairie Information Node
[BCA]
electronic; BIOLOGIA CENTRALI-AMERICANA
[BOA]
Interactive Listing of American Butterflies; Listado Interactivo de la Mariposas Americanas; Butterflies of America
[BOW]
Lewis, H. L., 1974; Butterflies of the World; ISBN 0 245 52097 X
[HBN]
Francis Hemming, 1937; HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2
[ILMB]
Interactive Listing of Mexican Butterflies
[JLS]
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society; the original J. Lep. Soc. articles
[John Shuey]
e-mail: jshuey at tnc.org; Director of Conservation Science; Indiana Office of The Nature Conservancy; http://www.nature.org
[LAMAS-NEO]
Gerardo Lamas; Bibliography of butterflies; An Annocated Bibliography of the Neotropical Butterflies and Skipper (Lepididoptera: Papilionoidea and Hesperioidea); Revised Electronic Edition (2007)
[NAB]
Pyle, R. M.; National Audubon Society: Field Guide to North American Butterflies; 1981; ISBN 0-394-51914-0
[NACL]
Hodges, Ronald W. (ed.), 1983; Check List of the Lepidoptera of America North of Mexico
[NL4A]
Gerardo Lamas, 2004; Atlas of Neotropical Lepidoptera; Checklist: Part 4A; Hesperioidea - Papilionoidea
[Opler]
Opler & Warren, 2003 (April); Butterflies of North America. 2. Scientific Names List for Butterfly Species of North America, north of Mexico.

Some related literature:
Brown & Mielke, 1967
Lepidoptera of the Central Brazil Plateau. I. Preliminary list of Rhopalocera (continued) J. Lep. Soc. 21 (3): 145-168
Butler & Druce, 1872
Descriptions of new genera and species of Lepidoptera from Costa Rica Cistula ent. 1 (5): 95-118
Druce, 1907
On neotropical Lycaenidae, with descriptions of new species Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1907 (3): 566-632, 6pl.
Godman & Salvin, [1887]; Godman & Salvin, [1901]
Biologia Centrali-Americana. Rhopalocera. (1887-1901) Biol. centr.-amer., Lep. Rhop. 2: 1-782 3: pl. 1-112
Hewitson, 1869; Hewitson, 1874
Illustrations of diurnal Lepidoptera. Lycaenidae Ill. diurn. Lep., Lycaenidae (1): 1-36,*37, pl. 1-16 (1863) (2): 37-76, pl. 17-30 (1865) (3): 77-114, pl. 31-46 (1867) (4): 115-136,14a-h, pl. 47-54 (Suppl.) pp. 1-16,3a,3b,3c, pl. 1-5 (1869) (5): 137-150,*151, pl. 55-59, (Suppl.) pl. 6 (1873) (6): 151-184,*185, pl. 60-73 (1874) (7): 185-208,*209, pl. 74-83 (1877) (8): 209-228, pl. 84-85,88-92 (Suppl.) pp. 1a,1b,3a,3b,4a,5a,5b,7-8 (1878) [* = temporary page]
Hewitson, 1868
Descriptions of some new species of Lycaenidae Descr. some new spec Lyc.: 36pp
Hübner, [1819]
Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816) (2): 17-32 (1819) (3): 33-48 (1819) (4): 49-64 (1819) (5): 65-80 (1819) (6): 81-96 (1819) (7): 97-112 (1819) (8): 113-128 (1819) (9): 129-144 (1819) (10): 145-160 (1819) (11): 161-176 (1819) (12): 177-192 (1820) (13): 193-208 (1820) (14): 209-224 (1821) (15): 225-240 (1821) (16): 241-256 (1821) (17): 257-272 (1823) (18): 273-288 (1823) (19): 289-304 (1823) (20): 305-320 (1825) (21): 321-336 (1825) (22): 337-352 (1825) (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])
Linnaeus, 1767
Systema Naturae per Regna tria Naturae, secundum Classes, Ordines, .... Editio Duocecima Reformata. Tom. 1. Part II. Syst. Nat. (Edn 12) 1 (2): -,533-1327
Stoll, [1780]
Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) in Cramer, Uitl. Kapellen 4 (26b-28): 29-90, pl. 305-336 (1780) (29-31): 91-164, pl. 337-372 (1781) (32-32): 165-252, 1-29, pl. 373-400 (1782)

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.