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Theretra Hübner, [1819]

Theretra Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (9): 135, TS: Sphinx equestris
Oreus Hübner, [1819]; Verz. bek. Schmett. (9): 136, TS: Sphinx gnomen Fabricius
Gnathostypsis Wallengren, 1858; Oefvers. K. Vetensk. Akad. Foerh. Stockh. 15: 137, TS: ostracina Wallengren
Hathia Moore, [1882]; Lepid. Ceylon 2: 19, TS: Sphinx clotho Drury
Florina Tutt, 1903; Entomologist's Rec. J. Var. 15: 76, TS: japonica Boisduval
Theretra [Tony Pittaway]
Theretra (Choercampina) ; [HMW, 19]

Theretra alecto (Linnaeus, 1758)

Balkans, SW.Asia, SE.Asia, Oriental Tropics - Sulawesi, Japan, Hong Kong. See [About maps] Kreetankiitäjä Le Deiléphile Candiote
Sphinx alecto Linnaeus, 1758; Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 492, TL: India
Sphinx cretica Boisduval, 1827; Annls Soc. linn. Paris 6: 118, pl. 6, f. 5
Theretra freyeri Kirby, 1892; Synonymic Cat. Lepid. Heterocera 1 : 650
Theretra alecto transcaspica O. Bang-Haas, 1927; Horae Macrolep. Palaearct. 1: 80
Theretro alecto intermissa Gehlen, 1941; Ent. Z. 55: 185-186
Theretra alecto [Tony Pittaway]
Theretra alecto ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, 776; [HMW]

Larva on Vitis, Parthenocissus? [BSW], Saurauia, Dillenia, Tetracera, Leea, Psychotria, Rubia, Cissus [MOB3, 177]

Theretra boisduvalii (Bugnion, 1839)

Iran, Turkey, Greece, SW.Asia - Oriental Tropics - Sundaland, Lesser Sundas, Hong Kong. See [About maps] Sphinx boisduvalii Bugnion, 1839; Annls Soc. ent. Fr. 1839: 115, TL: Ile de Candie
Chaerocampa punctivenata Butler, 1875; Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1875: 248
Cechenena sumatrensis Joicey & Kaye, 1917; Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 20 (118) : 307
Theretra boisduvalii [Tony Pittaway]
Theretra boisduvali ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, 767
Theretra boisduvalii ; [HMW]

Larva on Cissus [MOB3, 175]

Theretra cajus (Cramer, [1777])

South Africa, E.Africa, W.Africa, Rhodesia. See [About maps] Cream Striped Hawk
Sphinx cajus Cramer, [1777]; Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 80, pl. 146, TL: Cape
Sphinx gordius Stoll, 1781; (preocc.)
Sphinx celaeno Esper, 1782; Aussereur. Schmett. 2: 203, pl. 28, f. 2
gortys (Hübner, [1819])
epicles (Boisduval, [1875])
Theretra cajus ; [HMW]

Larva on Richardia albomaculata, ("Arum Lily") [HMCSA]

Theretra capensis (Linnaeus, 1764)

Cape - Rhodesia - Tanzania - Kenya. See [About maps] Cape Hawk
Sphinx capensis Linnaeus, 1764; Mus. Lud. Ulr.: 349
Sphinx megara Müller, 1774; Natursystem 5 (1): 642, pl. 20, f. 5
Sphinx aeas Cramer, 1779
Sphinx cecrops Cramer, 1779
Sphinx clotho Fabricius, 1787; (preocc.)
Sphinx immaculata Gmelin, 1790
ostracina (Wallengren, 1858)
vinacea Closs, 1915
Theretra capensis ; [HMW]

Larva on Vitis, Cissus, Rhoicissis, Ampelopsis [HMCSA]

Theretra clotho (Drury, 1773)

Japan, S.Korea, Indo-Australian Tropics - New South Wales, Hong Kong. See [About maps] Sphinx clotho Drury, 1773; Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 2: 48
Deilephila cyrene Westwood, 1848
Chaerocampa[sic] bistrigata Butler, 1875
Chaerocampa[sic] aspersata Kirby, 1877
Theretra clotho [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra clotho clotho [Tony Pittaway]
Theretra clotho ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, 769; [HMW]

Larva on Amorphophallus, Colocasia, Begonia, Dillenia, Leea, Hisbiscus, Fuchsia, Dendrocnide, Pipturus, Cayratia, Cissus, Parthenocissus, Vitis [MOB3, 176]

T. c. celata (Butler, 1877)

Loyalty Is., ..., Queensland Chaerocampa[sic] celata Butler, 1877
Chaerocampa[sic] cloacina Miskin, 1891
Theretra lifuensis Rothschild, 1894; Novit. Zool. 1 (1) : 78, TL: Lifu, Loyalty Islands
Chaerocampa[sic] luteotincta Lucas, 1891; Butterflies and Moths: ?, TL: Queensland
Theretra clotho celata ; [HMW]

Theretra hausmanni Eitschberger, 2000

Sulawesi. See [About maps] Theretra hausmanni Eitschberger, 2000; Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 48: 101, pl. 14, f. 1a-b, 2a-b

Theretra indistincta (Butler, 1877)

Australia (Queensland, ...). See [About maps] Choerocampa indistincta Butler, 1877
Chaerocampa[sic] cleopatra Miskin, 1891
Chaerocampa[sic] curvilinea Lucas, 1891; Butterflies and Moths: ?, TL: Queenland
Theretra indistincta [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra indistincta ; [HMW]

T. i. manuselensis Joicey & Talbot, 1921

Theretra manuselensis Joicey & Talbot, 1921
Theretra indistincta manuselensis ; [HMW]

T. i. papuensis Joicey & Talbot, 1921

Theretra papuensis Joicey & Talbot, 1921
Theretra indistincta papuensis ; [HMW]

T. i. bismarcki Jordan, 1926

Theretra bismarcki Jordan, 1926
Theretra indistincta bismarcki ; [HMW]

Theretra inornata (Walker, [1865])

Australia. See [About maps] Chaerocampa[sic] inornata Walker, [1865]
Chaerocampa[sic] pallida Miskin, 1891
Theretra inornata [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra inornata ; [HMW]

Theretra jugurtha Boisduval, [1875]

Tropical Africa, Tanganyika, Senegal, Sierra Leone. See [About maps] Green Striped Hawk
Theretra jugurtha Boisduval, [1875]; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. Hétérocères, 1 : 256, TL: Senegal
?Choerocampa clotho Schaus & Clemens, 1893
Theretra obliterata Rothschild, 1894; Novit. Zool. 1 (1) : 74, TL: Sierra Leone
Theretra jugurtha ; [HMW]

T. j. peracuta Darge, 1989

Theretra jugurtha peracuta ; [HMW]

Theretra manilae Clark, 1922

Philippines. See [About maps] Theretra manilae ; [HMW]; Eitschberger, 2000, Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 48: pl. 14, f. 3a-b

Theretra margarita (Kirby, 1877)

Australia. See [About maps] Chaerocampa[sic] margarita Kirby, 1877
Theretra margarita [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra margarita ; [HMW]

Theretra mercedes Eitschberger, 2002

Sumbawa. See [About maps] Theretra mercedes Eitschberger, 2002; Neue Ent. Nachr. 53: 55, pl. 2, f. 1-3, pl. 3, f. 1-3, TL: Indonesia, Sumabwa, Nusa Tenggara Barat, Tembora Mts., 925m

Theretra monteironis (Butler, 1882)

South Africa, Moçambique - Tanganyika. See [About maps] Lesser Cream Striped Hawk
Chaerocampa monteironis Butler, 1882; Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10: 433, TL: Delagoa Bay, Mozambique
ugandae Clark, 1923
Theretra monteironis ; [HMW]

Theretra natashae Cadiou, 1995

-. See [About maps] Theretra natashae Cadiou, 1995; Lambillionea 95: (499-515), TL: Flores
Theretra natashae ; [HMW]

T. n. natashae

Flores

T. n. paukstadtorum Eitschberger, 2000

Lombok Theretra natashae paukstadtorum Eitschberger, 2000; Atalanta 31 (3/4): 497, pl. XXII, f. 1, TL: Lombok,W. slope of Mt. Rinjani (3726m), Baun Bussuk

Theretra nessus (Drury, 1773)

Japan, Indo-Australian Tropics - New Caledonia, Hong Kong, Hawaii (introduced). See [About maps] Sphinx nessus Drury, 1773; Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 2: 46
Sphinx equestris Fabricius, 1793
Chaerocampa[sic] rubricundus Schaufuss, 1870
Theretra nessus [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra nessus [Tony Pittaway]
Theretra nessus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, 765; [HMW]

586x900 (~63Kb) male female Oppadake, Okinawa, Ryukyu, Japan, 8-90, Photo © S. Shuichi Haupt

769x514 (~132Kb) Thailand, Krabi 24.12.2003-7.1.2004, Photo © Olli Vesikko

Larva on Amaranthus, Impatiens, Citrullus, Arachis, Boerhavia, Knoxia, Morinda, Oldenlandia, Spermacoce, Glossostigma, Camellia [MOB3, 174]

Theretra oldenlandiae (Fabricius, 1775)

Indo-Australian Tropics - Solomons, Hong Kong, Japan. See [About maps] Impatiens Hawk Moth
Sphinx oldenlandiae Fabricius, 1775; Syst. Ent.: 542
Sphinx drancus Cramer, 1777

= ; [HMW]

Deilephila argentata Stephens, 1828

= ; [HMW]

Chaerocampa[sic] sobria Walker, 1856

= ; [HMW]

Chaerocampa[sic] puellaris Butler, 1875

= ; [HMW]

Deilephila proxima Austaut, 1892

= ; [HMW]

Delephila olivacens Mell, 1922
Theretra fuscata Gehlen, 1941

= ; [HMW]

Theretra olivascens Inoue, 1973

= ; [HMW]

Theretra oldenlandiae [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra oldenlandiae oldenlandiae [Tony Pittaway]
Theretra oldenlandiae ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, 781

Larva on Impatiens wallerana [Don Herbison-Evans], Alocasia, Amorphophallus, Arisaema, Caladium, Colocasia, Cryptocoryne, Pinellia, Typhonia, Zanedeschia, Impatiens, Careya, Planchonia, Clystostoma, Ipomoea, Hibbertia, Clarkia, Epilobium, Fuchsia, Ludwigia, Coelospermum, Oldenlandia, Pentas, Richardia, Ampelocissus, Cayratia, Cissus, Vitis [MOB3, 178]

T. o. lewini (Thon, 1828)

Sphinx lewini Thon, 1828
Chaerocampa[sic] firmata Walker, 1856

= ; [HMW]

Chaerocampa[sic] argentata Butler, 1875

= ; [HMW]

Theretra oldenlandiae lewini ; [HMW]

T. o. samoana Gehlen, 1941

Theretra samoana Gehlen, 1941
Theretra oldenlandiae samoana ; [HMW]

Theretra orpheus (Herrich-Schäffer, [1854])

Africa (South of Sahara). See [About maps] Lined Hawk
Chaerocampa orpheus Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]; Samml. aussereurop. Schmett. (I) 1 (6): f. 104, TL: Cape
Panacra natalensis Rothschild, 1894; Novit. Zool. 1 (1) : 79, pl. 5, f. 13, TL: Natal
Theretra orpheus ; [HMW]

Larva on Angraecum, Ansellia atricana, Polystachys [HMCSA]

T. o. pelius Rothschild & Jordan, 1903

Theretra orpheus pelius Rothschild & Jordan, 1903; Novit. Zool. 9 (Suppl.) : 787, TL: Cameroons
Theretra orpheus pelius ; [HMW]

T. o. intensa Rothschild & Jordan, 1903

Theretra orpheus intensa ; [HMW]

T. o. scotinus Rothschild & Jordan, 1915

S.Nigeria Theretra orpheus scotinus Rothschild & Jordan, 1915; Novit. Zool. 22 (2): 294, pl. 20, f. 6, TL: Ilesha, South Nigeria
Theretra orpheus scotinus ; [HMW]

T. o. malgassica Clark, 1933

megalesia Viette, 1956
Theretra orpheus malgassica ; [HMW]

T. o. gauthieri Darge, 1991

Theretra orpheus gauthieri ; [HMW]

Theretra queenslandi (Lucas, 1891)

Australia. See [About maps] Chaerocampa[sic] queenslandi Lucas, 1891; Butterflies and Moths: ?, TL: Queensland
Chaerocampa[sic] potentia Druce, 1894
Theretra queenslandi [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra queenslandi ; [HMW]

Theretra radiosa Rothschild & Jordan, 1916

Australia. See [About maps] Theretra radiosa [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra radiosa ; [HMW]

Theretra rhesus (Boisduval, [1875])

Sumatra, Borneo - Solomons. See [About maps] Choerocampa rhesus Boisduval, [1875]; Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. Hétérocères, 1 : 254
Theretra javanica Rothschild, 1894; Novit. Zool. 1 (1) : 76, TL: Java
Theretra rhesus [Tony Pittaway]
Theretra rhesus ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, 767; [HMW]

Theretra suffusa (Walker, 1856)

Hong Kong, Japan, Oriental Tropics - Sundaland. See [About maps] Chaerocampa suffusa Walker, 1856; List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 8: 146
hector (Boisduval, [1875])
Theretra suffusa [Tony Pittaway]
Theretra suffusa ; Rothschild & Jordan, 1903, 778; [HMW]

Larva on Melastoma [MOB3, 178]

Theretra tryoni (Miskin, 1891)

Australia. See [About maps] Chaerocampa[sic] tryoni Miskin, 1891
Theretra herrichii Kirby, 1892
Theretra tryoni [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra tryoni ; [HMW]

Theretra turneri (Lucas, 1891)

Australia. See [About maps] Panacra turneri Lucas, 1891; Butterflies and Moths: ?, TL: Queensland
Panacra mira Swinhoe, 1892; Cat. Het. Mus. Oxford (1) : 13[?], pl. 1, f. 6, TL: Cape York
Theretra turneri [Don Herbison-Evans]
Theretra turneri ; [HMW]

16.8.2009 (43)

References:

[About maps]

Warning! The maps are automatically generated from the textual information, and the process does not always produce acceptable result; See about maps for more info.

[BHL]

The; Biodiversity Heritage Library; and on; Internet Archive; Note: The linking to the content of Internet Archive is somewhat delicate -- notify me when links break!

[BSW]

de Freina, J. J., Witt, T. J, 1987; Die Bombyces und Sphinges der Westpalearktis; ISBN 3-926285-00-1

[Don Herbison-Evans]

and Stella A. Crossley; Lepidoptera Larvae of Australia; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans; e-mail: Don Herbison-Evans

[HBN]

Francis Hemming, 1937; HÜBNER, A bibliographical and systematic account of the entomological works of Jacob Hübner and of the supplements thereto by Carl Geyer, Gottfried Franz von Frölich and Gottlieb August Wilhelm Herrich-Schäffer, Vol 1 & 2

[HMCSA]

Pinhey, E., 1962; Hawk Moths of Central and Southern Africa

[HMW]

Kitching & Cadiou, 2000; Hawkmoths of the World; An annotated and illustrated revisionary checklist (Lepidoptera: Sphingidae)

[MOB3]

Holloway, J. D, 1987; The Moths of Borneo, Part 3; Superfamily Bombycoidea: families Lasiocampidae, Eupterotidae, Bombycidae, Brahmaeidae, Saturniidae, Sphingidae; (1998 reprint)

[Olli Vesikko]

http://koti.welho.com/ovesikko/

[S. Shuichi Haupt]

e-mail: S. Shuichi Haupt; http://www.tu-berlin.de/fb7/ioeb/biologie/stefan.htm

[Tony Pittaway]

WWW pages; Sphingidae of the Western Palearctic; Saturniidae of the Western Palaearctic; Sphingidae of China (and adjacent regions)

Some related literature:

O. Bang-Haas, 1927

Horae Macrolepidopterologicae Regionis Palaearcticae Horae Macrolep. Palaearct. 1: 128pp, 11pls

Boisduval, [1875]

Histoire Naturelle des Insectes. Species Général des Lépidoptéres Hétérocéres. Tome Premier. Sphingides, Sésiides, Castnides Hist. nat. Ins., Spec. gén. Lépid. Hétérocères, 1 : 1-568, pl. 1-11

Butler, 1875

Descriptions of new species of Sphingidae Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. 1875: 238-261

Butler, 1882

Descriptions of new species of Sphingidae, chiefly from Africa Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 10: 432-436

Cadiou, 1995

Seven new species of Sphingidae Lambillionea 95: 499-515

Cramer, [1777]

Uitlandsche Kapellen (Papillons exotiques) Uitl. Kapellen 2 (9-16): 1-152, pl. 97-192 (1777)

Drury, 1773

Illustrations of natural history; wherein are exhibited ... Illust. Nat. Hist. Exot. Insects 2: 90pp, 50pls

Eitschberger, 2000

Eine neue Theretra-Art von der Insel Sulawesi Neue Entomologische Nachrichten, 48: 101-107, pl. 14

Eitschberger, 2000

Zur Verbreiting von Theretra natashae Cadiou, 1995 mit Beschreibung einer neuen Unterart von der Insel Lombok Atalanta 31 (3/4): 497-503

Eitschberger, 2002

Theretra mercedes spec. nov., eine neue Sphingide von Sumbawa Neue Ent. Nachr. 53: 55-63

Fabricius, 1775

Systema Entomologiae, sistens Insectorum Classes, Ordines, Genera, Species, Adiectis Synonymis, Locis, Descriptionibus, Observationibus. Syst. Ent.: 832pp

Gehlen, 1941

Neue Sphingiden Ent. Z. 55: 185-186

Herrich-Schäffer, [1854]

Sammlung neuer oder wenig bekannter aussereuropäischer Schmetterlinge, 1850-[1869]: Heterocera (Nachfalter) Samml. aussereurop. Schmett. (I) 1 (1): pl. 1-4, f. 1-17 (1853) 1 (2): pl. 5-8, f. 18-38 (1853) 1 (3): pl. 9-12, f. 39-51 (1853) 1 (4): pl. 13-16, f. 52-76 (1853) 1 (5): pl. 17-20, f. 77-97 (1854) 1 (6): pl. 21-24, f. 98-114 (1854) 1 (7): pl. [25-28], f. 115-138 (1854) 1 (8): pl. [29-32], f. 139-153 (1854) 1 (9): pl. [33-36], f. 154-173 (1854) 1 (10): pl. [37-40], f. 174-201 (1854) 1 (11): pl. [41-44], f. 202-231 (1854) 1 (12): pl. [45-48], f. 232-258 (1854) 1 (13-17): pl. 49-68, f. 259-390 (1855) 1 (?18): pl. [69], f. 391-396 (1858) 1 (?19): pl. [70], f. 397-403 (1858) 1 (?20-21): pl. 71-78, f. 404-451 (1855) 1 (?22): pl. [79], f. 452-458 (1858) 1 (23-25): pl. 80-94, f. 459-540 (1856) 1 (26): pl. [95-96], f. 541-551 (1858) 1: 1-52 (1856) 53-84 (1858) 2: pl. [97-100], f. 552-571 (1869)

Hübner, [1819]

Verzeichniss bekannter Schmettlinge, 1816-[1826] Verz. bek. Schmett. (1): [1-3], 4-16 (1816) (2): 17-32 (1819) (3): 33-48 (1819) (4): 49-64 (1819) (5): 65-80 (1819) (6): 81-96 (1819) (7): 97-112 (1819) (8): 113-128 (1819) (9): 129-144 (1819) (10): 145-160 (1819) (11): 161-176 (1819) (12): 177-192 (1820) (13): 193-208 (1820) (14): 209-224 (1821) (15): 225-240 (1821) (16): 241-256 (1821) (17): 257-272 (1823) (18): 273-288 (1823) (19): 289-304 (1823) (20): 305-320 (1825) (21): 321-336 (1825) (22): 337-352 (1825) (23-27): 353-431 ([1825])

Joicey & Kaye, 1917

New species and forms of Sphingidae Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (8) 20 (118) : 305-309

Kirby, 1892

A synonymic catalogue of Lepidoptera Heterocera (Moths). Sphinges and Bombyces Synonymic Cat. Lepid. Heterocera 1 : 1-951

Linnaeus, 1758

Systema Naturae per Regna Tria Naturae, Secundum Clases, Ordines, Genera, Species, cum Characteribus, Differentiis, Symonymis, Locis. Tomis I. 10th Edition Syst. Nat. (Edn 10) 1 : 1-338 339-824

Linnaeus, 1764

Museum S'ae R'ae M'tis Ludovicae Ulricae Reginae Svecorum, Gothorum, Vandalorumque Mus. Lud. Ulr.: vi + 720 + [2]

MacLeay, [1826]

in King, Narrative of a Surve of the intertropical and western Coasts of Australia. 2 vols. in King, Narr. Surv. Austr. 2: -

Rothschild, 1894

Notes on Sphingidae, with descriptions of new species Novit. Zool. 1 (1) : 65-98, pl. 5-7

Rothschild & Jordan, 1903

A revision of the Lepidopterous family Sphingidae Novit. Zool. 9 (Suppl.) : 1-813 815-972, pl. 1-67

Rothschild & Jordan, 1915

Some new Sphingidae in the collection of the British Museum Novit. Zool. 22 (2): 291-294

Staudinger, 1892

Die Macrolepidopteren des Amurgebiets. I. Theil. Rhopalocera, Sphinges, Bombyces, Noctuae in Romanoff, Mém. Lépid. 6 : 83-658, pl. 4-14

Swinhoe, 1892

Catalogue of Eastern and Australian Lepidoptera Heterocera in the Collection of the Oxford University Museum (Part 1) Cat. Het. Mus. Oxford (1) : 1-324, viii, pl. 1-8

Walker, 1856

List of the Specimens of Lepidopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum List Spec. Lepid. Insects Colln Br. Mus. 8: 1-271 (1856)

If you have corrections, comments or information to add into these pages, just send mail to Markku Savela
Keep in mind that the taxonomic information is copied from various sources, and may include many inaccuracies. Expert help is welcome.